Bird tolerance to human disturbance in urban parks of Madrid (Spain): Management implications

Fernández‐Juricic, Esteban; Clavijo, Miguel; Asensio, Eloy

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1531-9_12

Cited by 55 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, this species has been classified as an urban exploiter in central Spain (Palomino and Carrascal, 2006). In our case, the presence of serins was positively related to the shrub cover, and the amount of shrubs appears to be the main habitat variable that increases bird tolerance to people in urban parks (Fernández-Juricic, 2001b). …”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…This seems somewhat incongruous considering the ecology of the species and the results of previous studies. For instance, Fernández-Juricic (2001b) reported that woodpigeons use trees as escape cover in urban parks. Probably, the relative short age and heavy pre-spring pruning of many trees in the city of Salamanca, as well as the relative isolation between them, could explain this.…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Eurasian Collared Dove also chooses shrubby vegetation (the logistic model includes the number of shrub species and the CCA shows a correlation with the shrub cover), although larger species, such as woodpigeons and magpies, may also use shrubs (Fernández-Juricic, 2001b).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Birds and small urban parks: a study in a high plateau city

Peris

Montelongo²

2014

Turk J Zool

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A manganese(II) complex of 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The activity of the complex was tested for oxidation of benzyl alcohols using t -BuOOH as an oxidant in organic solvents and in an organic/water biphasic system (hexane/H 2 O, toluene/H 2 O). The effect of solvent, temperature, oxidant, and some additives (KBr, N(C 4 H 9) Br, and N-bromosuccinimide) on the oxidation of benzyl alcohol is reported. The results show that benzyl alcohol was selectively converted to benzaldehyde in 71.9% yield within 4 h in acetonitrile. Control experiments performed without catalyst and the corresponding metal salt as catalyst produced no benzaldehyde in the reaction mixture. Mild reaction conditions, high yields of the products, short reaction time, no further oxidation to the corresponding carboxylic acids, high selectivity, and inexpensive reagents make this catalytic system a useful oxidation method for benzyl alcohol.

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Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Birds and small urban parks: a study in a high plateau city

Peris

Montelongo²

2014

Turk J Zool

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“…Among the bird species occupying the emergent layer of the forest, the Sri Lanka Myna-the only species with sufficient data for analysis in this study, also showed no statistically significant variation in its abundance under different intensities of recreational disturbances at various distances from the trail. Since these species commonly forage and occupy the canopy above 25 m from the ground, they may be less inclined to perceive human presence as a predation risk (Fernández-Juricic et al 2001b) and thus less concerned about leaving the edges of this nature trail. However, despite being canopy occupants, the abundance of the Red-faced Malkoha and Scarlet Minivet was negatively correlated with the intensity of recreational disturbances at the trail, indicating their comparatively smaller tolerance to human presence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of tropical avifauna to visitor recreational disturbances: a case study from the Sinharaja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka

2016

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Background:We investigated the impact of human recreational disturbances on the distribution of birds along a popular nature trail in Sinhararja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka. It was hypothesized that visual and noise stimuli caused by the presence of humans affect the distribution of avifauna associated with this nature trail. Methods:Nine circular plots of 25 m fixed-radius laid along the trail (0 m), and 18 plots laid perpendicular to the trail at 75 and 150 m intervals, were studied from March 2013 to January 2014. The degree of human recreational disturbances was assessed in terms of visitor group size (visual disturbance) and their noise level (sound disturbance). These disturbances were categorized along a four-point scale (no human disturbance, low, medium and high disturbance). The relationship between disturbance levels and the abundance of birds was statistically tested.Results: ANOVA results revealed that the abundance of birds differed significantly under various intensities of recreational disturbances at each distance level. A significant negative correlation between abundance of birds and intensity of disturbance at 0 m distance suggests an avoidance of edge habitats by birds in the presence of humans. Abundance of birds increased at the 75 and 150 m distance levels with increasing disturbances occurring at the trail. Significant negative correlations were further observed between disturbance level and the abundance of birds in ground/understory and sub-canopy vertical strata of the forest at 0 m distance. Conclusions:Under high levels of recreational disturbance occurring at this trail, the abundance of birds near the trail declined significantly, while bird abundance in the interior of the forest increased. The sensitivity of individual bird species to visitor disturbances varied with the vertical stratum of the forest they usually occupy. Birds occupying the ground, understory and sub-canopy are particularly sensitive to recreational disturbances while bird species occupying the canopy and above are less vulnerable to recreational disturbances.

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“…Studies have been implemented to investigate the response of avifauna to urban environment. Some focus on how the avian community responds to local habitat structure or landscape structure of urban parks, woodlands, or wooded streets (Emlen [6]; Tilghman [15]; Fernandez-Juricic et al [7]). Many of these studies point out that species richness decreases with the degree of urbanization, and that total avian density increases with urbanization (Emlen [6]; Beissenger and Osborne [1]; Blair [2]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A study in the relationship between greenery of urban parks and bird diversity in Tainan City, Taiwan

Lin¹,

Sun

Hung

2008

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Green space is important for the maintenance of the ecological dimension of a sustainable urban landscape. Therefore, in order to figure out the relationship between the greening of urban parks and bird diversity, we used 5 avian ecological diversity indexes, such as Species richness, Abundance, ShannonWeiner diversity index, Evenness, and Margalef's richness indices, to evaluate the functionality of different types of urban parks. Therefore, birds in 17 parks were surveyed with the circular-plot method from August of 2004 to April of 2005; meanwhile, the greening level of urban park of Tainan city in Taiwan was measured by remote sensing method. As the result, overall there was higher bird species richness in higher greening level parks. Our findings emphasize the importance of urban park with abundant greening to maintain high ecological diversity. Thus, we suggest that increasing greening level of urban parks can promote the bird diversity in urban area.

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Bird tolerance to human disturbance in urban parks of Madrid (Spain): Management implications

Cited by 55 publications

References 19 publications

Birds and small urban parks: a study in a high plateau city

Birds and small urban parks: a study in a high plateau city

Response of tropical avifauna to visitor recreational disturbances: a case study from the Sinharaja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka

A study in the relationship between greenery of urban parks and bird diversity in Tainan City, Taiwan

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