Bioresponsive polymer coated drug nanorods for breast cancer treatment

Abstract

Ineffective drug release at the target site is among the top challenges for cancer treatment. This reflects the facts that interaction with the physiological condition can denature active ingredients of drugs, and low delivery to the disease microenvironment leads to poor therapeutic outcomes. We hypothesize that depositing a thin layer of bioresponsive polymer on the surface of drug nanoparticles would not only protect drugs from degradation but also allow the release of drugs at the target site. Here, we report a one-step process to prepare bioresponsive polymer coated drug nanorods (NRs) from liquid precursors using the solvent diffusion method. A thin layer (10.3 ± 1.4 nm) of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymer coating was deposited on the surface of camptothecin (CPT) anti-cancer drug NRs. The mean size of PCL-coated CPT NRs was 500.9 ± 91.3 nm length × 122.7 ± 10.1 nm width. The PCL polymer coating was biodegradable at acidic pH 6 as determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. CPT drugs were released up to 51.5% when PCL coating dissolved into non-toxic carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. Trastuzumab (TTZ), a humanized IgG monoclonal antibody, was conjugated to the NR surface for breast cancer cell targeting. Combination treatments using CPT and TTZ decreased the HER-2 positive BT-474 breast cancer cell growth by 66.9 ± 5.3% in vitro. These results suggest effective combination treatments of breast cancer cells using bioresponsive polymer coated drug delivery.

Polymer coated gold-ferric oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles for theranostic applications

“…A charged polymer coating on the NP surface enhances the electrosteric stabilization by attractive and repulsive forces. Poly- l -lysine (PLL) is a biocompatible polycation that promotes cell adhesion by the presence of amine (–NH 2 ) groups [ 27 – 29 ]. PLL has been used to increase blood circulation, improve solubility as well as enhance MRI imaging contrasts of gadolinium imaging chelates [ 27 , 29 – 32 ].…”

“…Poly- l -lysine (PLL) is a biocompatible polycation that promotes cell adhesion by the presence of amine (–NH 2 ) groups [ 27 – 29 ]. PLL has been used to increase blood circulation, improve solubility as well as enhance MRI imaging contrasts of gadolinium imaging chelates [ 27 , 29 – 32 ]. Steric stabilization has proven to be an effective method to improve NP colloidal stability in ionic media [ 33 ].…”

Heteromer Nanostars by Spontaneous Self-Assembly

“…The solution was analyzed for THPC concentration using the THPC standard curve. Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) could not be used in this study, as it has been used in other drug release studies [9,35,36], due to the interference of sodium chloride with silver chloride during the absorbance measurement assay.…”

“…Polymeric assembly may offer variation in composition, chemical functionality, size, and shape including disks, rods, spheres, cubes, and filaments to name just a few [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. The choice of non-spherical nanoparticles exhibits improved blood circulation time [7], specific receptor binding [10], cellular internalization [9,10], and low phagocytosis compared to its spherical counterparts [11,12]. Non-spherical lipomers composed of poly(methylvinylether- co -maleic anhydride) and lipids have shown higher splenic accumulation in rats, rabbits, and dogs and are more effective at evading non-specific uptake by macrophages than spherical lipomers, suggesting a potential for the carrier to be used for drug delivery to the spleen [13].…”

Remotely actuated polymeric nanocomposites for biomedical applications

“…PCL has been used in applications as micelles for the drug delivery [76], in the form of nanostructures for cancer treatment [77,78], in bone [79,80], cartilage [81] TE, as microparticles (described in section 1.2.2), etc.…”