Biomimicry of Cuscuta electrode design endows hybrid capacitor with ultrahigh energy density exceeding 2 mW h cm⁻² at a power delivery of 25 mW cm⁻²

Abstract

Biomimicry of the Cuscutae design resulted in a supercapacitor with massive pseudocapacitive functionality implantation.

Ultrafast Carrier Transport through an Advanced Thick Electrode with a High Areal Capacity for Aqueous Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…The intrapore V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O is characterized by a spongelike microtexture, which favors the infiltration of Li + throughout the 330 μm thick V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O/CC electrode through the numerous well‐interconnected mesopores therein. Moreover, those mesopores further buffer the volume expansion of V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O during charge storage to alleviate their collapse . In all, the synergistic effect accounts for the satisfactory lifespan of the α′‐Na x V 2 O 5− δ /CC//V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O/CC aqueous LIB developed in the present study (Figure b).…”

“…Such a porous nature endows the CC with a higher surface area than planar metallic foil. This allows this alternative current collector to be interfaced with the electroactive material more effectively . To take full advantage of this merit, V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O as the electroactive material with an areal mass loading of 30.63 mg cm −2 was deposited in these pore spaces (Figure c, d).…”

“…In other words, within this charge–discharge timescale, Li + experiences unimpeded mass transport that commences with migration from the electrolyte and subsequent infiltration through the hierarchical macro‐ and mesoporous channels into the 330 μm thick V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O/CC electrode and eventually intercalation into the anisotropic open‐layered framework of V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O. Moreover, the rapid delivery of the electrons through the conductive fibrous carbon network and subsequent transfer to V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O is manifested in the ultralow solution resistance ( R s ; Table ) . Herein, R s consists of the electrical resistance of the V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O/CC electrode in addition to the ionic resistance of the aqueous electrolyte and is derived from the analysis of the Nyquist plots by using the complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fitting method based on an equivalent circuit shown in the inset of Figure e …”

“…Moreover, the rapid delivery of the electrons through the conductive fibrous carbon network and subsequent transfer to V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O is manifested in the ultralow solution resistance ( R s ; Table ) . Herein, R s consists of the electrical resistance of the V 2 O 5 ⋅H 2 O/CC electrode in addition to the ionic resistance of the aqueous electrolyte and is derived from the analysis of the Nyquist plots by using the complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fitting method based on an equivalent circuit shown in the inset of Figure e …”

Template Synthesis of 2D Carbon Nanosheets: Improving Energy Density of Supercapacitors by Dual Redox Additives Anthraquinone-2-sulfonic Acid Sodium and KI

“…Therefore, in recent years, a lot of research work has been aimed at improving the energy densities of supercapacitors. 7,8 It has been demonstrated that nanoporous carbon materials, in particular the case of 2D carbon nanosheets with large surface area and high pore volume, are crucial to the realization of high-energy/-power supercapacitors. 9−11 Besides, based on the equation for the energy density of a supercapacitor, E = 1/2CV 2 , it is clear that the energy density is proportional to the capacitance (C) and the square of the operating voltage window (V).…”