Biomimetic matrix mediated room temperature synthesis and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite towards targeted drug delivery

Abstract

The nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite is closely associated with the extracellular matrix environment. Bovine Serum Albumin, Collagen and poly vinyl alcohol were used to mimic the extracellular matrix. An attempt to understand the role of these matrices on the synthesis and function of Hydroxyapatite has been made. XRD, FT-IR, XPS, TG-DTA, SEM and TEM confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite synthesized by the biomimetic route. Further the role of organic matrix in controlling the nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite particles in the nano level is understood by the in-depth analysis of the XPS spectra. The in vitro release of the anti-cancer drug methotrexate, in aqueous solution was studied and the in vitro release profile was assayed by elution in phosphate buffered saline with pH 7.4 and pH 5 at 37 º C. The percentage of loading and release profiles of drug were evaluated. The results show that the use of matrix increased the drug release efficiency from 44.5% to 66% at pH 7.4 and 78% to 98.92% at pH 5. These results suggest that the synthesized hydroxyapatite can be used as a pH responsive vehicle for delivering drugs. Further the release profile was predicted by Higuchi and Peppas model. The results suggested that the release mechanism was governed by the Fickian diffusion for initial 8 hrs followed by anomalous transport for longer time. The cytocompatibility of the materials was evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity test. Both MTT and live/dead assay observations indicated that the material had no adverse impact on the cell proliferation. The results imply these composites to be bioactive having a good cytocompatibility. Although all the matrices showed good results, the one with poly vinyl alcohol exhibited higher biocompatibility and drug release efficiency. A plausible explanation was proposed for the enhanced drug delivery efficiency of these materials.

Traversing the profile of biomimetically nanoengineered iron substituted hydroxyapatite: synthesis, characterization, property evaluation, and drug release modeling

“…S8 † is the deconvoluted P2p peak, which ts one peak, indicating the chemical environment around P is identical while the peak position corresponds to the phosphate group, as reported in our previous manuscript. 13 In order to nd out the chemical state of iron in doped HA, we present the Fe2p data of m-HA samples. Fig.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] In spite of the afore mentioned properties, synthetic HA nds limited application as a bone gra material owing to several challenges such as optimum level of crystallinity, phase purity, high in vitro solubility and low mechanical properties. [10][11][12][13] Intensive research is under way to synthesize HAmetal composite or ion substituted-HA by different methodologies to overcome the above challenges. [14][15][16][17][18] Among these methods, ionic substitutions emerged as a powerful tool for improving the performance of HA, either through modications of the chemical, structural, and morphological characteristics or through utilizing the therapeutic properties of the substituting ions.…”

Depletion of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by heat dried biomass of a newly isolated fungus Arthrinium malaysianum: A mechanistic approach

“…Investigation of surface morphology and microstructure of the fungal biomasses (untreated and metals laden) were monitored using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEI-Nova Nano SEM 430 operated at 15 kV) and elemental compositions were established by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Experiments were carried out by incubating 0.2 gm of dried biomass in 25 mL K 2 Cr 2 O 7 solution for 10 h 78 , 79 . The electron beam acceleration tension was fixed to 15.0 KV, the take-off angle was 35.0°, and the acquisition time for the spectrum was 20 s. In order to compare element concentrations among different positions, each position area for EDX analysis was set to approximately 0.25 µm × 0.25 µm 6 .…”

Scalable Synthesis of Hide Substance–Chitosan–Hydroxyapatite: Novel Biocomposite from Industrial Wastes and Its Efficiency in Dye Removal

“…However, the peak of CO 3 2– (mild amount of CaCO 3 formed during the formation of HAp) and bending vibration of adsorbed water at 1643 cm –1 of native HAp are not separately distinguishable in the spectra of composite because of merging with other peaks of the polymers. 19 The distinguished features of the spectral pattern of the composite have appeared in the 1500–1700 cm –1 region. The amide-I signals of Hs shifted toward lower frequency and the amide-II signal shifted toward higher frequency, consequently both of them merged with the C=O signals of acetylated amine signals of Cs to form a single broad merging peak at 1650 cm –1 .…”