Biomechanics of the knee

Aweid, Osama; Osmani, Humza; Melton, J. T. K.

doi:10.1016/j.mporth.2019.05.004

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOHTO) is considered the work horse osteotomy of the knee when managing medial compartment osteoarthritis [ 1 ]. In a patient with genu varum, the mechanical axis causes increased forces to be projected through the medial compartment of the knee, which subsequently promotes a degenerative process [ 2 , 3 ]. A MOHTO laterally translates the mechanical axis to offload the medial compartment and load the lateral compartment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in coronal alignment of the hip joint after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

Patel

Melton

2022

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol

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Purpose An observation was made by the senior author of this paper that patients reported changes in their hip function after a medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOHTO) for varus pattern osteoarthritis. Alignment changes at the hip after MOHTO have not been previously documented. This study assesses coronal alignment changes at the hip after MOHTO. Methods We retrospectively analysed pre- and post-operative lower limb alignment radiographs of patients who underwent MOHTO. The medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and mechanical axis deviation (MAD) were measured to assess the alignment changes created by the MOHTO. The coronal alignment changes at the hip were evaluated using the mechanical greater trochanter angle (MGTA). Results 29 osteotomies in 27 patients were included in this study. Results showed MOHTO created alignment changes at the hip. A positive correlation was found between the size of the correction at the knee and the subsequent changes at the hip. The change in the MGTA had a stronger correlation with the MAD than with the change in MPTA (r = 0.684 vs. 0.585). It was found that age, weight, height and BMI had no significant influence on these correlations. Conclusions Increased correction by the MOHTO lead to increased change in the coronal alignment of the hip. These changes are likely to result in an alteration in the weight bearing portion of the femoral head and the function of the abductors and we recommend assessing the hip joint as part of pre-operative planning. Level of evidence Prognostic level IV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in coronal alignment of the hip joint after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

Patel

Melton

2022

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol

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“…The complex structure of the joint allows movement and reduction of the effects associated with friction during movement. , Muscles and ligaments are responsible for stabilization, whereas the cartilage tissue and synovial membrane provide the appropriate friction environment. A large extracellular matrix surrounding the chondrocytes, the only cells found in healthy cartilage, gives cartilage its properties, such as compression resistance and the ability to absorb shocks under loads .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottlebrush Polymers for Articular Joint Lubrication: Influence of Anchoring Group Chemistry on Lubrication Properties

Turczyńska,

Rahimi,

Charmi

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The role of carboxylic, aldehyde, or epoxide groups incorporated into bottlebrush macromolecules as anchoring blocks (or cartilage-binding blocks) is investigated by measuring their lubricating properties and cartilage-binding effectiveness. Mica modified with amine groups is used to mimic the cartilage surface, while bottlebrush polymers functionalized with carboxylic, aldehyde, or epoxide groups played the role of the lubricant interacting with the cartilage surface. We demonstrate that bottlebrushes with anchoring blocks effectively reduce the friction coefficient on modified surfaces by 75−95% compared to unmodified mica. The most efficient polymer appears to be the one with epoxide groups, which can react spontaneously with amines at room temperature. In this case, the value of the friction coefficient is the lowest and equals 0.009 ± 0.001, representing a 95% reduction compared to measurements on nonmodified mica. These results show that the presence of the functional groups within the anchoring blocks has a significant influence on interactions between the bottlebrush polymer and cartilage surface. All synthesized bottlebrush polymers are also used in the preliminary lubrication tests carried out on animal cartilage surfaces. The developed materials are very promising for future in vivo studies to be used in osteoarthritis treatment.

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Biomechanics of Cruciate Retaining and Posterior Stabilised Total Knee Arthroplasty and Return to Sports

Kropelnicki

Parker

2021

Orthopaedic Biomechanics in Sports Medicine

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Biomechanics of the knee

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Changes in coronal alignment of the hip joint after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

Changes in coronal alignment of the hip joint after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

Bottlebrush Polymers for Articular Joint Lubrication: Influence of Anchoring Group Chemistry on Lubrication Properties

Biomechanics of Cruciate Retaining and Posterior Stabilised Total Knee Arthroplasty and Return to Sports

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