Biomechanical parameters of gait among transtibial amputees: a review

Soares, Alex Sandra Oliveira de Cerqueira; Yamaguti, Edward Yuji; Mochizuki, Luís; Amadio, Alberto Carlos; Serrão, Júlio Cerca

doi:10.1590/s1516-31802009000500010

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It means that our subject, while performing locomotion without shoes, was more careful in placing the feet on the ground than in the shod condition. This kind of mechanism in the pattern of the patient's locomotion was also revealed in several studies carried out in diabetic patients [1,13], patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [10,14] and transtibial amputees [5,7,20]. They have demonstrated a decrease in the quality of spatiotemporal gait parameters: a slowing in the walking velocity, a shortened stride length and increased doublestance period, as compared to able-bodied individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Kinematic gait analysis of a young man after amputation of the toes

Forczek

Ruchlewicz

Gawęda

2014

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: the foot is recognised as a "functional unit" with two important aims: to support body weight and to serve as a lever to propel the body forward. When it is impaired, the locomotor pattern has to adapt to compensate for the dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate gait kinematics of a man after bilateral partial amputation of the toes. Material and methods: the subject of the study was a young man aged 30 years (body height and mass: 186 cm, 82 kg) who suffered a frostbite injury in the feet while climbing in the severe mountain conditions. After a few months of treatment, the necessary amputation occurred. Three-dimensional lower limb kinematics was collected from motion capture system (Vicon 250) and Golem marker set-up using 5 video-based cameras with infrared strobes. The subject performed over-ground walking at self-selected speed, first barefoot, then wearing athletic shoes. Results: the patient's results are the mean values of sixteen full gait cycles. The spatiotemporal parameters were lower during gait without shoes. In terms of the angular changes of the lower limb joints in sagittal plane, the analysis revealed similar functional patterns and typical trends in both recorded conditions. The differences, however, occurred in their amplitude. A larger range of motion was generally noted in shod conditions. The higher the joint was, the smaller the differences were. Conclusions: changes in gait due to the forefoot dysfunction may be stabilizing adaptations related to fear of falling. Footwear provided more stable conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Kinematic gait analysis of a young man after amputation of the toes

Forczek

Ruchlewicz

Gawęda

2014

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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“…To increase the phasic muscle activity is a motor strategy observed in transtibial 26 and transfemoral 3,8 amputees. The unilateral amputation increases the net joint moments and the power output on the NAL 1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Força de Reação do Solo e atividade eletromiográfica da marcha de amputados transfemorais: uma série de casos

Cerqueira

Yamaguti

Mochizuki

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-Ground reaction forces (GRF) and electromyographic activity form a part of the descriptive data that characterise the biomechanics of gait. The research of these parameters is important in establishing gait training and understanding the impact of amputation and prosthetic components on movement during the act of walking. Therefore, this case series describes the GRF and electromyographic activity in the gait of transfemoral amputees. A force plate was used to measure GRF, and an electromyographic system monitored the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles of the non-amputated leg. The average vertical and anteroposterior GRF time-curves, average electromyographic activity, and descriptor variables were then analysed. We observed decreases in vertical and anteroposterior GRF magnitudes as well as in anteroposterior GRF descriptor variables during the propulsive phase in the amputated leg. There were increases in phasic muscle activity and co-activation in the non-amputated leg. We concluded that, during walking, the unilateral transfemoral amputees (who were analysed in this case series) developed lower GRF in the amputated limb and a longer period of electromyographic activity in the non-amputated limb. Key words: Amputation; Biomechanics; Electromyography; Gait. Resumo -O comportamento da Força de Reação do Solo (FRS) e a atividade eletromiográ-fica formam uma parte dos dados que caracterizam a biomecânica da marcha. O estudo destes parâmetros é importante para a recuperação da locomoção e para compreensão do impacto da amputação e dos componentes protéticos nos movimentos desenvolvidos

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“…Soares et al reviewed the biomechanical parameters in persons with TTA; however, firm conclusions could not be drawn from this literature review due to the lack of quality assessment of the included studies [20]. Recently, Sagawa et al reviewed the interlimb movement asymmetries of persons with TFA during stance phase of walking and reported decreased hip motion at the amputated limb in the sagittal plane as compared with the intact limb (p < 0.05); nevertheless, the aim of the review was not specific to kinematics because it investigated various biomechanical parameters such as spatiotemporal parameters, kinetics, and electromyography [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Previous systematic reviews have focused mainly on the spatiotemporal parameters and kinetic variables of lower-limb joints during walking [4,20]. Soares et al reviewed the biomechanical parameters in persons with TTA; however, firm conclusions could not be drawn from this literature review due to the lack of quality assessment of the included studies [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Spinal, pelvic, and hip movement asymmetries in people with lower-limb amputation: Systematic review

et al. 2015

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Abstract-Following amputation, people with transfemoral amputation (TFA) and transtibial amputation (TTA) adapt with asymmetrical movements in the spinal and lower-limb joints. The aim of this review is to describe the trunk, lumbopelvic, and hip joint movement asymmetries of the amputated limb of people with TFA and TTA during functional tasks as compared with the intact leg and/or referent leg of nondisabled controls. Electronic databases were searched from inception to February 2014. Studies with kinematic data comparing (1) amputated and intact leg and (2) amputated and referent leg of nondisabled controls were included (26 articles). Considerable heterogeneity in the studies precluded data pooling. During stance phase of walking in participants with TFA, there is moderate evidence for increased trunk lateral flexion toward the amputated limb as compared with the intact leg and increased anterior pelvic tilt as compared with nondisabled controls. None of the studies investigated spinal kinematics during other functional tasks such as running, ramp walking, stair climbing, or obstacle crossing in participants with TFA or TTA. Overall, persons with TFA adapt with trunk and pelvic movement asymmetries at the amputated limb to facilitate weight transfer during walking. Among participants with TTA, there is limited evidence of spinal and pelvic asymmetries during walking.

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Biomechanical parameters of gait among transtibial amputees: a review

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Kinematic gait analysis of a young man after amputation of the toes

Kinematic gait analysis of a young man after amputation of the toes

Força de Reação do Solo e atividade eletromiográfica da marcha de amputados transfemorais: uma série de casos

Spinal, pelvic, and hip movement asymmetries in people with lower-limb amputation: Systematic review

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