Biomechanical Analysis of Lateral Pin Placements for Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures

Abstract

Using these readily available landmarks, the treating surgeon can reproducibly provide appropriate pinning treatment for most of these fractures.

Biomechanical Analysis of Supracondylar Humerus Fracture Pinning for Fractures With Coronal Lateral Obliquity

“…10 2. Two lateral divergent pins: as described by Hamdi et al, 11 the lateral pin was placed parallel to the lateral metaphyseal flare of the humerus. The second pin crossed the osteotomy site at the medial edge of the coronoid fossa.…”

Operative and Fluoroscopy Time in Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fracture Surgery: A Comparision Between Lateral Pinning and Cross Pinning Techniques

“…Patients with open and concomitant fractures, and those aged less than 2, and more than 12 years of age were excluded from the study . All included patients had been treated with closed reduction and pinning techniques as shown in the literature (Figures 1a,b and c) (1)(2)(3) .…”

“…In our study common types of treatment methods for 132 Gartner Type III supracondylar humerus fractures are examined. Cross pinning and Lateral Pinning (Lateral Divergent or Dorgan's Lateral pinning) methods are included and fluoroscopy time, reduction time and pinning time are examined among other parameters (1)(2)(3) .…”

Lateral Pinning for Supracondylar Humerus Fracture in Children: Does The Entry Point of the Pins have an Influence on the Outcome of the Fracture Fixation?

“…Although some clinical studies have recommended maximum spread between divergent pins at the fracture to optimize stability [9,14,19] , but the literature is scant regarding the optimum entry point for the lateral pinning for the supracondylar humerus fracture to obtain maximum stability. Some biomechanical studies favor direct lateral epicondyle, extraarticular entry [4,5] , whereas others advocate capitellar or paraolecranon starting point [7,9,12] . So we decided to analyze our cases of supracondylar fracture humerus in children to resolve the basic question of: Does the entry point of the pins placed laterally have an influence on the outcome of the supracondylar humeus fracture?…”

“…Other treatment options are plate/screw fixation, external fixation and so on. Although closed manipulation and percutaneous K-wire stabilization is the gold standard for displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children, optimal pin configuration is still not clear [1,[4][5][6][7] .…”