Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Challenges and Perspectives
Sarah Aqel,
Najlaa Al-Thani,
Mohammad Z. Haider
et al.
Abstract:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the leading causes of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases, primary and secondary. An external forceful blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, which is followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca2+) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, rise in oxidative stress… Show more
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