Biological and immunological properties of Coxiella burnetii vaccines in C57BL/10ScN endotoxin-nonresponder mice

Williams, Jim C.; Cantrell, John L.

doi:10.1128/iai.35.3.1091-1102.1982

Cited by 63 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…(15) Williams et al (1981) interperitoneally inoculated groups of C57BL/10ScN male mice with 11 different doses of C. burnetii phase I Ohio strain to develop a vaccine against Q fever. (16) All studies reviewed here had endpoint of response as mortality for the test subjects. The dose-response data garnered from these sources are given in Table II. An early study was published in 1956 by Tigertt and Benenson investigating human response to AD strain of C. burnetii.…”

Section: Dose-response Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dose‐Response Model of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever)

et al. 2010

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Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the intracellular gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), which only multiplies within the phagolysosomal vacuoles. Q fever may manifest as acute or chronic disease. The acute form is generally not fatal and manifestes as self-controlled febrile illness. Chronic Q fever is usually characterized by endocarditis. Many animal models, including humans, have been studied for Q fever infection through various exposure routes. The studies considered different endpoints including death for animal models and clinical signs for human infection. In this article, animal experimental data available in the open literature were fit to suitable dose-response models using maximum likelihood estimation. Research results for tests of severe combined immunodeficient mice inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with C. burnetii were best estimated with the Beta-Poisson dose-response model. Similar inoculation (i.p.) trial outcomes conducted on C57BL/6J mice were best fit by an exponential model, whereas those tests run on C57BL/10ScN mice were optimally represented by a Beta-Poisson dose-response model.

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Section: Dose-response Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposed Intraperitoneally with C. Burnetii (16) The best-fit dose-response model for mortality in peritoneally inoculated C57BL/10ScN mice was the Beta-Poisson model. Statistics of the three model fits to the animal data are summarized in Table V and Table IV.…”

Section: Dose-response Of C57bl/10scn Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Dose‐Response Model of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever)

et al. 2010

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“…(1984). It is interesting that Williams & Cantrell (1982) reported that while the residue from chloroform-methanol treated Coxiella burnetii was immunogenic, the extractate had no immunogenic properties. The precise mechanism of the action of chloroform on staphylococcal cell walls is not clear but there is clearly a physico-chemical change following removal of lipids and glycolipids allowing sequential release of antigens from the bacterial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1984) and an inhibitory factor from mycoplasmas (Nakamura & Itoh 1983); and chloroform-methanol has been used to extract delta-haemolysin from Staph. aureus (Heatley 1971) and protective antigens from Coxiella burnetii (Williams & Cantrell 1982).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sequential release of antigens from chloroform‐treated Staphylococcus epidermidis: application towards a possible vaccine

Ahmad

Clarke

Buchan

et al. 1990

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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This study describes the properties of two potential Staphylococcus epidermidis vaccines prepared by chloroform treatment of bacteria and release of antigen from these chloroform-treated organisms. Both vaccines were antigenic on testing with homologous hyperimmune serum and induced immune reactivity in immunized rabbits. There was protective efficacy in mice against intraperitoneal challenge by Staph. epidermidis.

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“…The protective value of phase I WCV has been well documented (19,28,30,43). Despite the prophylactic efficacy of phase I WCV, we are concerned about the potential for adverse reactions induced by phase I WCV (45). When phase I WCV was first developed and tested, Smadel et al observed local skin reactions, fever, anorexia, and malaise in vaccinated individuals (39).…”

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confidence: 99%

Suppression of in vitro lymphocyte proliferation in C57BL/10 ScN mice vaccinated with phase I Coxiella burnetii

Damrow¹,

Williams²,

Waag³

1985

Infect Immun

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The effect of inactivated phase I and phase II Coxiella burnetii whole cell vaccine (WCV) on the response of murine spleen cells to mitogenic and antigenic stimuli was evaluated in C57BL/10 ScN endotoxin nonresponder mice with an in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay. Intraperitoneal injection of phase I WCV into mice resulted in marked and persistent suppression of the proliferative response of spleen cells to concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and pokeweed mitogen. This response was time and dose dependent and was not associated with decreased lymphocyte viability. By using a standard dose of 100 ,ug of phase I WCV, suppression of mitogenic responsiveness was first detected 3 days postinjection, attained maximum levels by day 14, and persisted for longer than 5 weeks. Suppression of mitogenic lymphocyte proliferation also was demonstrated after inoculation of animals with viable phase I organisms. The observed hyporesponsiveness of spleen cells from phase I WCV-injected animals was not either the result of a shift in the mitogenic dose optimum or due to a change in the day of in vitro peak response. Spleen cells from phase I WCV-injected mice were negatively regulated with homologous antigen. Investigation of the mechanism of action of phase I WCV, with a 51Cr-release assay, and trypan blue dye exclusion showed that phase I WCV was not directly cytolytic or cytotoxic to spleen cells from normal or vaccinated mice. Phase II WCV did not induce significant mitogenic hyporesponsiveness or negative modulation of spleen cells. These findings extend the observations of adverse host responses associated with the phase I WCV and underscore the need to develop a microbial fraction which possesses protective potency but which lacks the immunosuppression.propensity to induce deleterious tissue reactions and Vaccination against Q fever in humans was introduced in 1948 by Smadel et al. (39). The whole cell vaccine (WCV) consisted of a formalin-inactivated suspension of Coxiella burnetii prepared from infected yolk sacs. The protective value of phase I WCV has been well documented (19,28,30,43). Despite the prophylactic efficacy of phase I WCV, we are concerned about the potential for adverse reactions induced by phase I WCV (45). When phase I WCV was first developed and tested, Smadel et al. observed local skin reactions, fever, anorexia, and malaise in vaccinated individuals (39). Since then, various severe local reactions (28) and occasional systemic reactions (45) have been described. Recently, phase I WCV administered intraperitoneally has been shown to induce splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, liver necrosis, and anemia in C57BL/10 ScN mice (45). The undesirable effects of phase I WCV have been severe enough to preclude its widespread and unconditional use in humans (1).The effect of the phase I C. burnetii WCV in mice has been defined largely in terms of gross pathological changes. In a previous study, the subject of host cellular immunological functions was broached and the occurrence of mitogenic hyporesponsiveness in C5...

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Biological and immunological properties of Coxiella burnetii vaccines in C57BL/10ScN endotoxin-nonresponder mice

Cited by 63 publications

References 18 publications

Dose‐Response Model of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever)

Dose‐Response Model of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever)

Sequential release of antigens from chloroform‐treated Staphylococcus epidermidis: application towards a possible vaccine

Suppression of in vitro lymphocyte proliferation in C57BL/10 ScN mice vaccinated with phase I Coxiella burnetii

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