Biological and DNA evidence in 1000 sexual assault cases

Gingras, F.; Paquet, Caroline; Bazinet, Martine; Granger, Dominic; Marcoux-Legault, Karine; Fiorillo, Maria Teresa; Séguin, Diane; Baltzer, Franziska; Chamberland, Claude; Jolicoeur, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.09.006

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The time elapsed between the assault and the examination will have an impact on the amount of suspect DNA available for collection. Though the victim may not immediately come to the hospital for an exam, it is still worthwhile to collect intimate evidence samples because studies have shown that semen can last in the body for 72 hours or more post coitus (Gingras et al, 2009; Hall & Ballantyne, 2003). However, the probability of obtaining a partial profile or no profile increases the longer a victim waits to be examined.…”

Section: Dna Considerations During Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA testing of sexual assault evidence

Burg

Kahn

Welch

2011

Journal of Forensic Nursing

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The availability of DNA testing has dramatically changed the way that crimes are investigated. DNA results can link offenders to their crimes, exonerate wrongfully accused individuals, identify mass fatality victims and more. In the case of sexual assault, DNA evidence alone cannot prove that a sexual assault has occurred. DNA analysis can only reveal whether a person's DNA is, or is not, present. In this paper, the authors provide readers with an overview of the advantages and limitations of DNA analysis, the importance of proper evidence collection, the technologies available, and the amount of sample needed for testing. Through proper evidence collection and quality laboratory services, the full value of DNA will be realized.

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Section: Dna Considerations During Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA testing of sexual assault evidence

Burg

Kahn

Welch

2011

Journal of Forensic Nursing

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“…In many cases, the violence is carried out with a partner or in a group, in which case, biological samples from multiple individuals may be found mixed on the victim's body or in some body orifice of the victim, or the victim's self-defense may have been directed at multiple persons. Whatever the case, even in the case of a single attacker, it is unlikely for samples obtainable from the body surface to be of homogeneous origin, while in the case of samples from body orifices, it is almost unavoidable that the biological samples connected to the potential perpetrator be mixed [20]. The careful collection of samples contributes greatly toward increasing the chance for conclusivity of subsequent laboratory tests and/or expert proceedings [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most Common Medico-Legal Autopsy-Related Human and Nonhuman Biological Samples for DNA Analysis

Pádár¹,

Zenke²,

Kozma³

2018

Post Mortem Examination and Autopsy - Current Issues From Death to Laboratory Analysis

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The identification and individualization of biological evidences is crucial to actual criminal investigations. In spite of the differences at the national level, all the legal processes attribute particular importance to forensic DNA analysis. However, none of the qualified results from any professional laboratory can produce substantive, valuable evidence with insufficient quality of samples and/or problems with provision of a pristine and controlled environment. The methodology and efficiency of sampling are distinct in case of living persons and in medico-legal autopsy and crime scenes. This chapter is a short overview from the basic introductory information up to ongoing research, and in accordance with constraints on the chapter size, it briefly discusses the important topics of sample collection at medico-legal autopsy for DNA analysis. The content sorts the major types of samples, reviews the common methods of sampling and the potential risk of poor sampling or contamination transfer. The corpses can be more or less degraded, which in special cases (e.g., paraffin embedded tissues, drowned, burning and/or buried cadaver) allow only for analysis of highly degraded samples. The samples can be associated with tissues of a corpse (e.g., blood, soft tissues, bone, tooth, hair) and/or additional extraneous tissues and remains, which are often mixed (e.g., blood, saliva, semen, vaginal fluid, debris of fingernails) on the corpse.

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“…It is well known that because of the nature of the crime, sexual assault tends to leave traces that allow the identification of the perpetrator in about 50% of cases [2], and due to the possibility of additional offenses by the criminal, it is recommended to insert the genetic profiles generated in DNA banks [3]. In parallel, there are situations where the only materials available for analysis are traces, such as semen stains on the victim's clothing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stains of ejaculated pre and post-vasectomy: Purity and sufficient quantity of recovered DNA after 10 years of storage

Mautoni

Astolphi

Mello

et al. 2015

Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series

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Vasectomy is a widely used method of contraception. The absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate of azoospermic individuals increases the difficulty of extracting DNA for analysis, especially if the biological samples are in the form of spots and stored for years. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of obtaining autosomal and Y-STR profiles from stains containing the ejaculate of individuals pre and post-vasectomy, stored in cotton fabric for a period of 10 years. Samples from 28 (twenty eight) individuals: semen pre-vasectomy and seminal fluid (post-vasectomy) stains, stored from 2004 to 2014 at room temperature were used. Three cutouts of 1.5 cm in diameter (punch) were taken from central region of each spot. It was used the QIAamp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen) to extract DNA with an adapted protocol followed by quantification by Nanodrop equipment. Genetic profiles were obtained using ESI17PowerPlex R (Promega). Capillary electrophoresis was performed on the ABI PRISM 3500XL DNA Analyzer. The DNA extraction was successful in all punch analyzed, and its concentration ranged from 1.1ng/uL to 23.3ng/uL in the pre-vasectomy and from 0.8ng/uL to 7 ng/uL in postvasectomy punch. The samples had suitable purity, reflecting the presence of few contaminants. Currently, the techniques of DNA amplification are extremely sensitive and capable of assessing human DNA in small quantities generating partial or full profiles, trespassing situations such as long storage periods in cotton fabric. These data can be used as a benchmark for forensic analysis in cases of semen analysis. IntroductionThe need to obtain genetic profiles to be added to DNA databank is a recent reality in Brazil, since only in 2012 the legislative started to regulate the creation and the use of the National Bank of Genetic Profiles (NBGP), which counts with CODIS technology [1]. It is well known that because of the nature of the crime, sexual assault tends to leave traces that allow the identification of the perpetrator in about 50% of cases [2], and due to the possibility of additional offenses by the criminal, it is recommended to insert the genetic profiles generated in DNA banks [3]. In parallel, there are situations where the only materials available for analysis are traces, such as semen stains on the victim's clothing. The absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate of azoospermic individuals increases the difficulty of extracting DNA for profile analysis, especially if the biological samples are impregnated on fabric and stored for years. With the launch of NBGP, the analysis of cases without suspects lead to the necessity of generating autosomal genetic profiles for sex offenders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of obtaining autosomal and Y-STR profiles from ejaculate stains of 28 pre and post-vasectomy individuals stored for 10 years in cotton fabrics.

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Biological and DNA evidence in 1000 sexual assault cases

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

DNA testing of sexual assault evidence

DNA testing of sexual assault evidence

Most Common Medico-Legal Autopsy-Related Human and Nonhuman Biological Samples for DNA Analysis

Stains of ejaculated pre and post-vasectomy: Purity and sufficient quantity of recovered DNA after 10 years of storage

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