Biologic Intervention in Muscle Healing and Regeneration

The Use of Suramin, an Antifibrotic Agent, to Improve Muscle Recovery after Strain Injury

“…11,22,26,31,40 The resultant disorganized scar tissue that often replaces damaged myofibers may be a contributing factor in the tendency of muscle injuries to recur. 40,43,50 We have established various animal models of muscle injuries 15,16,[29][30][31]39,40,47 and have observed a regeneration process in injured muscles that is consistent with the literature on muscle healing. 22,35 We have already characterized the effects of several growth factors on the enhancement of myoblast proliferation and fusion in vitro.…”

Insulin growth factor‐1 decreases muscle atrophy following denervation

“…We measured the surface area of muscle fibrosis and DAPI nuclear staining among the different groups, using a technique previously described. 11,19 These measurements were made in a blinded manner by an independent investigator who was unaware which groups were treated or used as controls to ensure the objectivity of results. Briefly, to measure the total positive area under the fluorescence microscope, 10 random fields were selected for each sample, and an image was collected using an Olympus Provis epifluorescence microscope (Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan).…”

Muscle Injuries and Repair: What's New on the Horizon!

“…Muscle injuries represent a large proportion of injuries sustained by participants in professional and recreational sports. In fact, depending on the type of sport, muscle injuries constitute between 10 and 55% of all injuries sustained by athletes [Jarvinen and Sorvari, 1975;Garrett et al, 1984;Nikolaou et al, 1987;Garrett, 1990;Crisco et al, 1994;Hughes et al, 1995;Kasemkijwattana et al, 1998a, b;Menetrey et al, 1999;Kasemkijwattana et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2000;Menetrey et al, 2000;Miller et al, 2000;Li et al, 2001;Huard et al, 2002]. While relatively minor muscle injuries can heal completely without intervention, more severe muscle injuries typically result in the formation of dense scar tissue that impairs muscle function, predisposes the muscle for re-injury, and may lead to muscle contracture and chronic pain.…”

“…In fact, 3 consecutive injections of relatively high concentrations of NGF, IGF-1, or basic FGF (100 ng/growth factor) are usually required to achieve detectable enhancements in skeletal muscle healing in mice [Barton-Davis et al, 1998;Kasemkijwattana et al, 1998a;Menetrey et al, 1999;Kasemkijwattana et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2000;Li et al, 2001;Huard et al, 2002].…”

“…Because previous studies have demonstrated that IGF-1 is a potent stimulator of muscle regeneration and healing in vivo [Kasemkijwattana et al, 1998a, b;Menetrey et al, 1999;Kasemkijwattana et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2000;Menetrey et al, 2000;Li et al, 2001;Huard et al, 2002], we engineered an adenovirus carrying the IGF-1 gene and evaluated its ability to improve muscle healing after injury [Lee et al, 2000]. Myoblast-mediated ex vivo gene transfer of IGF-1 improved the healing of lacerated muscle tissue in immunocompetent mice [Lee et al, 2000].…”