Bioinspired Multifunctional Photonic‐Electronic Smart Skin for Ultrasensitive Health Monitoring, for Visual and Self‐Powered Sensing

Abstract

Smart skin is highly desired to be ultrasensitive and self‐powered as the medium of artificial intelligence. Here, an ultrasensitive self‐powered mechanoluminescence smart skin (SPMSS) inspired by the luminescence mechanism of cephalopod skin and the ultrasensitive response of spider‐slit‐organ is developed. Benefitting from the unique strain‐dependent microcrack structure design based on Ti3C2Tx (MXene)/carbon nanotube synergistic interaction, SPMSS possesses excellent strain sensing performances including ultralow detection limit (0.001% strain), ultrahigh sensitivity (gauge factor, GF = 3.92 × 107), ultrafast response time (5 ms), and superior durability and stability (>45 000 cycles). Synchronously, SPMSS exhibits tunable and highly sensitive mechanoluminescence (ML) features under stretching. A relationship between ML features, strain sensing performances, and the deformation has been established successfully. Importantly, the SPMSS demonstrates excellent properties as triboelectric nanogenerator (4 × 4 cm2), including ultrahigh triboelectric output (open‐circuit voltage VOC = 540 V, short‐circuit current ISC = 42 µA, short‐circuit charge QSC = 317 nC) and power density (7.42 W m−2), endowing the smart skin with reliable power source supply and self‐powered sensing ability. This bioinspired smart skin exhibits multifunctional applications in health monitoring, visual sensing, and self‐powered sensing, showing great potential in artificial intelligence.

Beyond Skin Pressure Sensing: 3D Printed Laminated Graphene Pressure Sensing Material Combines Extremely Low Detection Limits with Wide Detection Range

“…For example, in recent decades, the artificially intelligent robots predicted in sci‐fi movies have attracted increasing attention, and considerable effort has been devoted to studying the enhancement of perception and object manipulation capabilities of intelligent robots. [ 1–9 ] To mimic, or even beyond, the functions of a human hand, a robotic hand needs to be able to handle a complex surrounding pressure environment in practical applications. It has been demonstrated that the excellent pressure perception ability of the human hands is derived from a particularly interesting feature of the synergistic strategy of touch receptors and baroreceptors in human skin.…”

Recent Advances in Self-Powered Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Sensors: From Material and Structure Design to Frontier Applications of Artificial Intelligence

“…Multifunctional flexible sensors, which can effectively solve the problem of the limited application range of single-performance sensors, have been widely studied in recent years [84]. Rao et al [85] proposed a sensor which can simultaneously detect pressure and temperature, composed of a thermosensitive electrode combining rGO and BiTO; the sensor is suitable for tactile e-skin (Figure 4a).…”

A Multi‐Responsive MXene‐Based Actuator with Integrated Sensing Function

“…[29][30][31][32] These properties render MXene, a promising candidate for making a multi-responsive actuator with sensing function. [33][34][35][36][37] The actuation of our device is owing to the distinct volume variations between MXene coated-paper and PE under multifarious environmental stimuli, such as NIR light, temperature, and humidity. The sensing property is based on the piezoresistivity, thermoresistivity, and hygresistivity of the MXene coated-paper.…”