Biogenesis and Regulation of Cardiovascular MicroRNAs

Bauersachs, Johann; Thum, Thomas

doi:10.1161/circresaha.110.228676

Cited by 147 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…As a novel family of highly conserved, short (~18-25 nucleotides), non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules, miRs regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression through binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of their target mRNA (3). Given that miRs are crucially involved in numerous critical biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, migration and differentiation, dysregulated miRs contribute to various human diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (4,(18)(19)(20). miR-126, miR-17, miR-92a, miR-145, miR-155, miR-133 and miR-208a were identified to be associated with coronary artery disease; miR-1, miR-21, miR-208, miR-133a/b and miR-499 were identified as important in the pathogenesis of acute cardiac infarction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy

Liu

2017

Biomedical Reports

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Abstract. The morbidity of diabetes mellitus has been increasing annually. As a progressive metabolic disorder, chronic complications occur in the late stage of diabetes. In addition, cardiovascular diseases account for the major cause of morbidity and mortality among the diabetic population worldwide. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a type of diabetic heart disease. Patients with DCM show symptoms and signs of heart failure while no specific cause, such as coronary disease, hypertension, alcohol consumption, or other structural heart diseases has been identified. The pathogenesis of DCM is complex and has not been well understood until recently. MicroRNAs (miRs) belong to a novel family of highly conserved, short, non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated an association between miRs and DCM. In the current review, the role of miRs in the pathogenesis of DCM is summarized. It was concluded that miRs contribute to the regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, myocardial electrical remodeling, epigenetic modification and various other pathophysiological processes of DCM. These studies may provide novel insights into targets for prevention and treatment of the disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy

Liu

2017

Biomedical Reports

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“…During chronic cardiac remodeling, inhibition of miR-21 via specific antagomirs attenuated fibrosis development and improved cardiac function. (23) Treatment of MI and its consequences is an enormous task and needs careful consideration. Besides the use of…”

Section: Mirnas In Glucose Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(22) After processing of pri-miRNAs by the Drosha/ DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8) complex, resulted pre-miRNAs are transported via exportin into the cytoplasm awaiting further modifications. (23) Recently, several studies have highlighted the presence of miRNAs in the plasma. Plasma miRNAs are packaged in microvesicles (including exosomes) that protect them from degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in Cardiometabolic Diseases

Meiliana

Wijaya

2013

Indones Biomed J

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BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22-nucleotide noncoding RNAs with critical functions in multiple physiological and pathological processes. An explosion of reports on the discovery and characterization of different miRNA species and their involvement in almost every aspect of cardiac biology and diseases has established an exciting new dimension in gene regulation networks for cardiac development and pathogenesis.CONTENT: Alterations in the metabolic control of lipid and glucose homeostasis predispose an individual to develop cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Work over the last years has suggested that miRNAs play an important role in regulating these physiological processes. Besides a cell-specific transcription factor profile, cell-specific miRNA-regulated gene expression is integral to cell fate and activation decisions. Thus, the cell types involved in atherosclerosis, vascular disease, and its myocardial sequelae may be differentially regulated by distinct miRNAs, thereby controlling highly complex processes, for example, smooth muscle cell phenotype and inflammatory responses of endothelial cells or macrophages. The recent advancements in using miRNAs as circulating biomarkers or therapeutic modalities, will hopefully be able to provide a strong basis for future research to further expand our insights into miRNA function in cardiovascular biology. ISI:Perubahan kendali metabolisme lemak dan homeostasis glukosa pada individu dapat memicu berkembangnya penyakit kardiometabolik seperti diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan aterosklerosis. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada dasawarsa terakhir telah menunjukkan bahwa miRNA memiliki peran penting dalam pengaturan proses fisiologi ini. Selain profil faktor transkripsi spesifik sel, ekspresi gen yang diregulasi oleh miRNA mempengaruhi tujuan akhir perkembangan dan keputusan aktivasi sel. Jadi, tipe sel yang terlibat dalam aterosklerosis, penyakit vaskular, dan kerusakan miokardial mungkin diregulasi secara berbeda oleh miRNA yang berlainan, melalui proses pengaturan yang sangat rumit, misalnya fenotipe sel otot polos dan respon inflamasi sel endotel atau makrofag. Perkembangan terakhir dalam hal penggunaan miRNA sebagai biomarker atau modalitas terapi diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar yang kuat untuk penelitian lebih lanjut, sehingga dapat memperkaya pemahaman kita mengenai fungsi miRNA pada biologi kardiovaskular. RINGKASAN:MiRNA adalah noncoding RNA yang kecil, berfungsi sebagai pengatur post-transkripsi pada ekspresi gen. MiRNA merupakan modulator potensial pada berbagai proses dan patologi biologi. Penemuan yang ada menunjukkan pentingnya peran miRNA pada vaskulatur, alur metabolisme lemak, dan homeostasis glukosa. Abstract Abstrak R E V I E W A R T I C L E

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“…In the recent literature, more than a hundred microRNAs have been described as stably expressed in the cardiac tissue [36][37][38]. However, the vast majority (90%) of these miRNAs are represented by no more than 18 miRNAs in the mature murine organ.…”

Section: Micrornas Are Implicated In the Pathophysiology Of Cardiac Mmentioning

confidence: 99%