Biofortification of Vegetables

Lal, Milan Kumar; Kumar, Awadhesh; Kardile, Hemant B.; Raigond, Pinky; Changan, Sushil; Thakur, Nitasha; Dutt, Som; Tiwari, Rahul Kumar; Chourasia, Kumar Nishant; Kumar, Dharmendra

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2874-3_5

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Potato is a popular staple vegetable in many countries. Potato is also a staple food in European countries, adding carbohydrates to the human diet and nutrients and minerals [ 2 ]. As the human population continues to rise, the accessibility of food may emerge as a major concern on a worldwide scale, and thus potato can help to provide food and nutritional security [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Concept of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses of the Potato Crop to Heat and Drought Stress

Lal

Tiwari

Kumar

et al. 2022

Plants

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Most cultivated potatoes are tetraploid, and the tuber is the main economic part that is consumed due to its calorific and nutritional values. Recent trends in climate change led to the frequent occurrence of heat and drought stress in major potato-growing regions worldwide. The optimum temperature for tuber production is 15–20 °C. High-temperature and water-deficient conditions during the growing season result in several morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular alterations. The morphological changes under stress conditions may affect the process of stolon formation, tuberization, and bulking, ultimately affecting the tuber yield. This condition also affects the physiological responses, including an imbalance in the allocation of photoassimilates, respiration, water use efficiency, transpiration, carbon partitioning, and the source–sink relationship. The biochemical responses under stress conditions involve maintaining ionic homeostasis, synthesizing heat shock proteins, achieving osmolyte balance, and generating reactive oxygen species, ultimately affecting various biochemical pathways. Different networks that include both gene regulation and transcription factors are involved at the molecular level due to the combination of hot and water-deficient conditions. This article attempts to present an integrative content of physio-biochemical and molecular responses under the combined effects of heat and drought, prominent factors in climate change. Taking into account all of these aspects and responses, there is an immediate need for comprehensive screening of germplasm and the application of appropriate approaches and tactics to produce potato cultivars that perform well under drought and in heat-affected areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Concept of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses of the Potato Crop to Heat and Drought Stress

Lal

Tiwari

Kumar

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Iron and zinc are critically important essential micronutrients, whose deficiency is mainly prevalent in developing nation (Lal et al., 2020). According to a WHO, 2015 report, about 30% of the world's population is affected by Fe deficiency, mainly growing children and women in developing countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single nucleotide substitution in the SPDT transporter gene reduced phytic acid and increased mineral bioavailability from Rice grain ( Oryza sativa L.)

et al. 2021

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Phosphorus (P) flow in agricultural land depends on the P taken off from harvested product, its losses through runoff and fertilizer applied to balance the removed P. Phytic acid (PA), the major storage form of phosphorus (P) in cereal grains is a key anti‐nutrient for human and non‐ruminants leads to eutrophication of waterways. As the natural non‐renewable P reserves are limited, enhancing P use efficiency is needed for field crops. SULTR‐like phosphorus distribution transporter (SPDT) is a novel rice transporter transfer P to the grain. Any alteration in transporter gene reduce grain P with concomitant rise in the leaves. A low PA (3.0 g/kg) rice Khira was identified where a single nucleotide mutation in LOC_Os06g05160 gene encoding SPDT showed low P transportation to grain. An amino acid change was detected as Valine‐330 to Alanine at the 3′ end of fifth exon. Highest expression of SPDT was observed in node I of rice as compared to low PA genotype. The mutation in SPDT could significantly affect P and PA accumulation in the grains with increased mineral bioavailability. Practical applications Excessive P application in crop leads to higher production cost as well as rapid depletion of limited rock phosphate. Alteration of P transporter function in the rice lower PA and total P accumulation in the grains with increased mineral bioavailability. The re‐distributed P in the straw can be applied as manure to the rice field. Thus, less P will be removed from the field, result in the decreased requirement for P fertilizer.

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“…Rice research has focused on addressing iron, folate and beta-carotene deficiencies ( Majumder et al, 2019 ) as part of the effort to address micronutrient deficiencies, which are estimated to affect over 1.2 billion individuals globally and more commonly affecting children and women in developing countries ( Wakeel et al, 2018 ). Numerous micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium, calcium and iodine, along with vitamins like provitamin A and folate play essential roles in the healthy development of children and the nutrition of nursing women and vegetables are increasingly the focus of research addressed at increasing these vital nutritional compounds ( Lal et al, 2020 ). Israeli research involving genome editing applied to lettuce, has resulted in the creation of a new variety capable of expressing higher levels of beta-carotene, vitamin C and thiamine ( Southy 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Genome Editing Technologies Towards Improved Nutrition, Environmental Sustainability and Poverty Reduction

Smyth

2022

Front. Genome Ed.

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The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were launched in 2015, with the top three goals being poverty eradication, improved food security and increased human health. All 17 SDGs have a target achievement date of 2030. These are ambitious and inspirational goals that require substantial innovation and technology adoption for successful achievement. Innovations in plant breeding have substantially contributed to transforming the efficiency of food production since the mid 20th century, with innovations emerging in the current millennium demonstrating enhanced potential to improve crop yields, the nutritional values of food crops and environmental impacts. These outcomes underpin several SDGs, but in particular the first three. As climate change is expected to become increasingly variable, with greater impacts on agriculture, the ability to ensure increased food production is going to be increasingly important, as higher yields directly contribute to reducing poverty. This article reviews recent reports of potential contributions from genome editing technologies in terms of increased yield, enhanced nutrition and greater sustainability, highlighting their importance for achieving the leading three SDGs.

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Biofortification of Vegetables

Cited by 27 publications

References 116 publications

Mechanistic Concept of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses of the Potato Crop to Heat and Drought Stress

Mechanistic Concept of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses of the Potato Crop to Heat and Drought Stress

A single nucleotide substitution in the SPDT transporter gene reduced phytic acid and increased mineral bioavailability from Rice grain ( Oryza sativa L.)

Contributions of Genome Editing Technologies Towards Improved Nutrition, Environmental Sustainability and Poverty Reduction

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