Biofloc and food contribution to grow-out and broodstock ofFarfantepenaeus brasiliensis(Latreille, 1817) determined by stable isotopes and fatty acids

Abstract

The aim of this study was to use the natural dietary markers (stable isotopes and fatty acids) during grow‐out in a biofloc system and for the egg production of Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis shrimp. Egg production was compared for two broodstock origins: biofloc and a wild origin. To delineate the relative contribution to shrimp muscle and eggs, IsoSource software was used. The most important source that contributed to grow‐out shrimp was biofloc ≥250 μm. According to the principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the fatty acid profile of food sources, the first component explains 84.4% of the variability, and the most important source of fatty acids for this component was biofloc ≥250 μm. The most important fresh food sources that contributed to egg production were Artemia biomass, polychaetes and semi‐moist feed for both broodstock origins. According to a PCA analysis of the fatty acid profiles, the most important fresh foods were polychaetes and semi‐moist feed. In conclusion, both isotopic signature and fatty acid profile of the food sources can be used successfully to determine the integration of carbon in the diets of shrimp.

Marine amphipods (Parhyale hawaiensis) as an alternative feed for the lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus, Perri 1810): nutritional value and feeding trial

“…As previously reported for a similar biofloc setup (Magaña-Gallegos et al, 2018), the FA composition of the biofloc particles in the present study was probably low in EPA and DHA. However, the actual nutritional value of bioflocs can vary according to a number of factors, including biofloc particle size, carbon source, biofloc maturation, floc density, food preference by cultured animals and their ability to ingest and digest the different biofloc particles (Ahmad et al, 2017;Magaña-Gallegos et al, 2018;Promthale et al, 2021).…”

“…As previously reported for a similar biofloc setup (Magaña-Gallegos et al, 2018), the FA composition of the biofloc particles in the present study was probably low in EPA and DHA. However, the actual nutritional value of bioflocs can vary according to a number of factors, including biofloc particle size, carbon source, biofloc maturation, floc density, food preference by cultured animals and their ability to ingest and digest the different biofloc particles (Ahmad et al, 2017;Magaña-Gallegos et al, 2018;Promthale et al, 2021). Results herein are insufficient to ascertain specific causes, but indicate that resulting biofloc amphipods present a FA profile highly suitable for applications in marine aquaculture, i.e., with significant amounts of ARA, EPA and DHA and better n3/n6, DHA/EPA, EPA/ARA ratios compared to enriched Artemia.…”

“…Interestingly, amphipod production based both on the use of a large biofloc system and a small in-door tank with commercial pellets tended to increase the lipid content (26.7 ± 1.3% and 25.5 ± 3.5%, respectively). This was true despite the relatively low lipid content of the commercial feed used (80 g lipid kg −1 ) and the typically low content of bioflocs (1.6-8.3% lipids) (Ahmad et al, 2017;Magaña-Gallegos et al, 2018;Sgnaulin et al, 2018). There is a limited number of studies analyzing lipid content in the context of aquaculture to compare with, but these lipid levels are slightly higher than those found in amphipods harvested from an off-shore aquaculture farm (13%) (Fernandez-Gonzalez et al, 2018), shrimp biofloc ponds (4.7-6.3%), rivers (7.5-13%) (Kolanowski, Stolyhwo & Grabowski, 2007), different marine areas (5.1-19.15%) (Baeza-Rojano, Hachero-Cruzado & Guerra-García, 2014; Jiménez-Prada et al, 2018), as well as in other commonly used live food organisms, such as mysids (6.7-8.0%) (Planas et al, 2020) and copepods (11.3-12.4%) .…”

“…Amphipods maintained this way were also used in the feeding trial and were labelled pellet-fed amphipods. Simultaneously, amphipods were cultured in a biofloc system, following a modified protocol for shrimp biofloc systems described in Magaña-Gallegos et al (2018), with some modifications. The culture took place in a large, out-door tank (3,500 L) exposed to coastal climate conditions from May to December.…”

Use of biofloc technology in shrimp aquaculture: a comprehensive review, with emphasis on the last decade

“…The contribution of natural food from microbial flocs to spawning performance of another species ( F. brasiliensis ) was also evident (Magaña‐Gallegos et al . 2018).…”