Bioenergy carbon emissions footprint considering the biogenic carbon and secondary effects

Fan, Yee Van; Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír; Ko, Chun-Han

doi:10.1002/er.5409

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The same pattern also was observed in bioenergy efforts. Compared with thermal energy sources, biofuels may account for more carbon emissions [90]. The energy transition could be a solution toward a sustainable carbon-mitigated power system in China, but the featured development energy source must be considered cautiously.…”

Section: Carbon Mitigation Policies and Cew Nexus In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Xie

Qi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Energies

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Carbon neutrality is one of the most important goals for the Chinese government to mitigate climate change. Coal has long been China’s dominant energy source and accounts for more than 70–80% of its carbon emissions. Reducing the share of coal power supply and increasing carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) in coal power plants are the two primary efforts to reduce carbon emissions in China. However, even as energy and water consumed in CCUS are offset by reduced energy consumption from green energy transitions, there may be tradeoffs from the carbon–energy–water (CEW) nexus perspective. This paper developed a metric and tool known as the “Assessment Tool for Portfolios of Coal power production under Carbon neutral goals” (ATPCC) to evaluate the tradeoffs in China’s coal power industry from both the CEW nexus and financial profits perspectives. While most CEW nexus frameworks and practical tools focus on the CEW nexus perturbation from either an external factor or one sector from CEW, ATPCC considers the coupling effect from C(Carbon) and E(Energy) in the CEW nexus when integrating two main carbon mitigation policies. ATPCC also provides an essential systematic life cycle CEW nexus assessment tool for China’s coal power industry under carbon-neutral constraints. By applying ATPCC across different Chinese coal industry development portfolios, we illustrated potential strategies to reach a zero-emission electricity industry fueled by coal. When considering the sustainability of China’s coal industry in the future, we further demonstrate that reduced water and energy consumption results from the energy transition are not enough to offset the extra water and energy consumption in the rapid adoption of CCUS efforts. However, we acknowledge that the increased energy and water consumption is not a direct correlation to CCUS application growth nor a direct negative correlation to carbon emissions. The dual effort to implement CCUS and reduce electricity generation from coal needs a thorough understanding and concise strategy. We found that economic loss resulting from coal reduction can be compensated by the carbon market. Carbon trading has the potential to be the dominant profit-making source for China’s coal power industry. Additionally, the financial profits in China’s coal power industry are not negatively correlated to carbon emissions. Balance between the carbon market and the coal industry would lead to more economic revenues. The scenario with the most rapid reduction in coal power production combined with CCUS would be more sustainable from the CEW nexus perspective. However, when economic revenues are considered, the scenario with a moderately paced energy transition and CCUS effort would be more sustainable. Nevertheless, the ATPCC allows one to customize coal production scenarios according to the desired electricity production and emission reduction, thus making it appropriate not only for use in China but also in other coal-powered regions that face high-energy demands and carbon neutrality goals.

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Section: Carbon Mitigation Policies and Cew Nexus In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Xie

Qi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…In the work by [40], the mass saving of the coal with the assumption of 30% RDF combustion was equal to 3 Mg per hour. The savings due to lower coal consumption were calculated by assuming that the purchase cost of fossil fuel substituted with RDF is EUR 67 per 1 Mg [52]. The actual financial profit from the partial substitution of conventional fuel with RDF will be higher because the calculation does not consider the ability of the cement plants to receive waste disposal fees.…”

Section: Materials and Economic Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Case Study on Environmental and Economic Benefits through Co-Burning Refuse-Derived Fuels and Sewage Sludge in Cement Industry

Wojtacha‐Rychter

Smoliński

2022

Materials

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The use of waste as an energy source in cement clinker production is a promising way to transition toward a circular economy and limit carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. The cement industry is responsible for around 5% of global CO2 emissions. In this paper, the analysis of environmental and economic profits associated with the substitution of coal by two refuse-derived fuels (RDF) and sewage sludge (SS) in a cement kiln was presented. Differences in the fuel-related CO2 emissions were calculated for two-, three-, and four-component fuel blends based on the fuel consumption data, heating values, and the correspondent emission factors. The biogenic fraction content of 19% and 43% were measured in RDFs. The material balance of fuels with the assumed technological parameters of the cement clinker production installation (capacity of 6000 Mg per day and unit heat of 3.6 GJ) shows that the RDF heat substitution at the level of 90% allows for a saving of approximately 28.6 Mg per hour of coal, and to manage even approx. 40 Mg per hour of RDF. The increase in the share of SS in the total heat consumption to 6% contributed to reducing the actual emissions by 17 kg of CO2 per 1 Mg of clinker. Multilateral benefits due to the use of RDF in the cement plant were evident.

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“…However, it should also be noted that this footprint can be varied according to the technology, operation, and even the assessed life cycle boundary. Some of the most frequently implemented examples are biomass, where a large variation is reported [9], and biogenic carbon, which can significantly affect the estimated footprint [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Tools for Energy System Design Increasing Economic and Environmental Sustainability

2020

Self Cite

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Energy is a fundamental element supporting societal development, particularly with the increasing dependency on the Internet of Things. It is also the main contributor to environmental impacts and subsequently, a potential sector for mitigation. Sustainable energy system design considers energy savings and energy efficiency, waste and consumption reduction, process efficiency enhancement, waste heat recovery, and integration of renewable energy. Emerging tools range from advanced Process Integration, modelling, simulation, and optimisation, to system analysis and assessment. This review covers selected emerging studies promoting sustainable system design, including the recent developments reported in the Special Issue (SI) of the 22nd Conference on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES’19). The primary emphasis was to enhance the economic and environmental performance. However, social factors were also highlighted as essential for future sustainable development. The discussion and analysis in this review focus on the most recent developments of (a) heat integration and heat transfer; (b) integrated and newly developed heat exchangers, (c) integration of renewables, and (d) roles in economic and environmental sustainability. The key results are highlighted, and future research ideas are suggested according to their links to a broader context.

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Bioenergy carbon emissions footprint considering the biogenic carbon and secondary effects

Cited by 21 publications

References 57 publications

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Multi-Case Study on Environmental and Economic Benefits through Co-Burning Refuse-Derived Fuels and Sewage Sludge in Cement Industry

Emerging Tools for Energy System Design Increasing Economic and Environmental Sustainability

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