Biodistillate Transportation Fuels 1. Production and Properties

Hoekman, S. Kent; Gertler, Alan W.; Broch, Amber; Robbins, Curtis; Natarajan, Mani

doi:10.4271/2009-01-2766

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…The term "flexible fuels" [101] means that they can run with a range of mixtures between oil products (either gasoline or diesel) and the corresponding biofuels (either alcohols or bio-diesels). Some relevant reviews on that topic are found in the literature [102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112]. In that way, the current effort on Biofuels [113][114][115][116][117][118][119] will not suffer a sudden halt, and the promising world of EV will have the possibility to mature without big expenses in the short term.…”

Section: A Choice Of Strategic Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Business of Energy Corporations to Macro-Policies Aiming at a Sustainable Economy. The Case for New Powering of Automobiles

Piera¹,

Maldonado-Zamora²,

Pons-Esparver³

2013

EPE

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A portfolio of new energy technologies has emerged in the first decade of the 21st Century, and many of them could be used for re-structuring the energy sector towards Sustainable Development. A key subject in this quest is the future of automobile, with possibilities on powering ranging from biofuels to Hydrogen Cars (HC), to Electric Vehicles (EV). In turn, the latter is closely connected with the need to deploy Renewable Energies (RE) for electricity generation. Within such new situation, countries and governments are aware that there are new tools for fighting Global Warming (GW), and new policies could be established for winning this battle against CO₂. All these initiatives will affect the future of energy corporations, notably hydrocarbon companies; and it should be noted that it will be difficult for the companies to define long-term strategies if energy policies convey upheavals, sudden changes in promoting alternatives and interruptions on activities. Hence, it is very important to adopt energy policies allowing a smooth evolution of the companies’ activities to the new energy model. After analyzing the alternatives with a forecasting-backcasting methodology, an “eclectic approach” is proposed, with the Plug-in Hybrid car with Flexible Fuel (PiHFF) as the central paradigm in the coming promoting policies.

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Section: A Choice Of Strategic Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Business of Energy Corporations to Macro-Policies Aiming at a Sustainable Economy. The Case for New Powering of Automobiles

Piera¹,

Maldonado-Zamora²,

Pons-Esparver³

2013

EPE

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“…This process, called transesterification, is catalyzed by either strong acid or base. Most biodiesel produced today utilizes base catalyzed reaction, because of its low cost, rapid reaction rate, and high conversion with minimal side reactions [13]. For example, 100 kg of vegetable oil may be reacted with an appropriate amount of methanol (approx.…”

Section: Glycerin Used For Dust Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is neutralized with acids such as hydrochloride acid, thus forming inorganic salts in crude glycerin [5][6][7]. Currently, the major feedstocks for biodiesel are soy oil (in the U.S.), rapeseed oil (in Europe) and palm oil (in Asia), although there is considerable interest in utilizing algal lipids and other materials as feedstocks [13].…”

Section: Glycerin Used For Dust Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Suppression with Glycerin from Biodiesel Production: A Review

Yan¹,

Kent²

2012

JEP

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An increasing number of countries and areas in the world suffer from either natural or anthropogenic dust, which results in a serious hazard with respect to the environment and to personal health and safety. This paper reviews and summarizes open literature involving the use of glycerin in dust control applications. Glycerin, a by-product from biodiesel manufacturing, has been evaluated for dust suppressant performance when applied alone as aqueous solutions, or in combinations with surfactants, polymers, or other chemicals. There are reports indicating that glycerin is effective in some dust suppression applications, although details about its use and performance metrics are generally lacking. Recent growth of the biodiesel industry has significantly increased the supply of crude glycerin, making it an economically attractive material for use in dust suppression. This paper also highlights several environmental accidents caused by irresponsible discharges of crude glycerin, and points out the need to understand environmental consequences of glycerin and its impurities when used in dust suppression applications.

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“…(9,10) As part of a study sponsored by the Coordinating Research Council (CRC) to assess the state-ofknowledge regarding plant-and animal-derived biofuels as blending materials for ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel in transportation applications, a literature survey of LCA studies on biodistillate fuels was completed. (11,12) The survey excluded LCA studies strictly related to ethanol. 55 studies related to the production of biodistillate fuels from a variety of feedstocks via different processing methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%