Biochar mediates systemic response of strawberry to foliar fungal pathogens

Harel, Yael Meller; Elad, Y.; Rav‐David, Dalia; Borenstein, M.; Shulchani, Ran; Lew, Beni; Graber, Ellen R.

doi:10.1007/s11104-012-1129-3

Cited by 215 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Waqas et al (2014) reported that the priming effect of BC alone or in combination with fungal endophytes keeps soybean plants in a steady state, and improves growth and development under high Zn heavy metal stress. Moreover, Elad et al (2011) and Harel et al (2012) explored the possible involvement of the BC priming effect in eliciting the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR) pathways. The results of these two studies showed that BC removes biotic stress caused to strawberry plants by necrotrophic, hemi-biotrophic, and biotrophic pathogens by inducing general defense pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these two studies showed that BC removes biotic stress caused to strawberry plants by necrotrophic, hemi-biotrophic, and biotrophic pathogens by inducing general defense pathways. Thus, in addition to fungal endophytes, BC may contribute to the elicitation of the flavonoid/ phenylpropanoid pathway, which may explain the enhanced defense mechanism in strawberry observed by Harel et al (2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Additive effects due to biochar and endophyte application enable soybean to enhance nutrient uptake and modulate nutritional parameters

Waqas

Kim

Khan

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:We studied the effects of hardwood-derived biochar (BC) and the phytohormone-producing endophyte Galactomyces geotrichum WLL1 in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with respect to basic, macro-and micronutrient uptakes and assimilations, and their subsequent effects on the regulation of functional amino acids, isoflavones, fatty acid composition, total sugar contents, total phenolic contents, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity. The assimilation of basic nutrients such as nitrogen was up-regulated, leaving carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen unaffected in BC+G. geotrichum-treated soybean plants. In comparison, the uptakes of macro-and micronutrients fluctuated in the individual or co-application of BC and G. geotrichum in soybean plant organs and rhizospheric substrate. Moreover, the same attribute was recorded for the regulation of functional amino acids, isoflavones, fatty acid composition, total sugar contents, total phenolic contents, and DPPH-scavenging activity. Collectively, these results showed that BC+G. geotrichum-treated soybean yielded better results than did the plants treated with individual applications. It was concluded that BC is an additional nutriment source and that the G. geotrichum acts as a plant biostimulating source and the effects of both are additive towards plant growth promotion. Strategies involving the incorporation of BC and endophytic symbiosis may help achieve eco-friendly agricultural production, thus reducing the excessive use of chemical agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive effects due to biochar and endophyte application enable soybean to enhance nutrient uptake and modulate nutritional parameters

Waqas

Kim

Khan

et al. 2017

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…For example, 1-5% additions of citrus wood BC (450°C) to peat-based substrates increased expression of pathogen defense genes in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa cv Yael) and as a result suppressed fungal disease (Meller Harel et al, 2012); for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and pepper (Capsicum annuum), such additions delayed and reduced disease from fungal pathogens and mites . However, lower susceptibility of plants to pathogens in soil-free substrates with a BC component may be muted by fertilization (De Tender et al, 2016), and therefore may not be possible under intensive greenhouse production.…”

Section: Additional Advantages and Possibilities Of Bc Substitution Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substitution of peat moss with softwood biochar for soil-free marigold growth

Margenot

Griffin

Alves

et al. 2018

Industrial Crops and Products

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A B S T R A C TPeat moss has historically been a key component of soil-free substrates in the greenhouse and nursery industries. However, the increasing expense of peat, negative impacts of peat mining on wetland ecosystems, and growing perception of peat as unsustainable have led to investigation for alternatives. Biochar (BC) is a promising substitute for peat, yet the majority of studies examine additions of BC to peat-based substrates rather than replacing the peat component or employ relatively low substitution rates. Furthermore, at high substitution rates the alkalinity common to many BCs may increase substrate pH and adversely impact plant production. We evaluated BC substitution for peat and pH adjustment of resulting substrates on marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) performance under standard greenhouse conditions. A high pH (10.9) softwood BC (800°C) was substituted for peat in a standard 70:30 (v/v) peat:perlite mixture at 10% total volume increments. Substrate pH was either not adjusted or adjusted to pH 5.8 using a BC by-product, pyroligneous acid (PLA). Germination was inhibited in pH adjusted substrates with high BC substitution (50-70% total substrate volume) likely due to higher dosages of PLA needed to neutralize pH. At harvest (flowering stage, 9 weeks) the initial pH gradient (4.4-10.4) in substrates that were not pH adjusted had converged to pH 5.6-7.5, and BC substitution for peat did not negatively impact marigold biomass or flowering. At low substitution rates (10-30% total substrate volume), marigold biomass and leaf SPAD values were greater than the control peat-perlite mixture (0% BC). This study demonstrates that softwood BC can be considered as a full replacement for peat in soil-free substrates, and even at high rates (70% total substrate volume) does not require pH adjustment for marigold production. Crop-and BC-specific considerations and economic potential should be investigated for wider application.

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“…Interestingly, recent findings demonstrate that the application of biochar to soil results in the induction of systemic resistance to foliar pathogens, such as the necrotroph Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) in tomato, pepper, and strawberry; the biotrophs Podosphaera aphanis (powdery mildew of strawberry) and Oidiopsis sicula (teleomorph: Leveillula taurica, powdery mildew of pepper and tomato); and the semibiotroph Colletotrichum acutatum (anthracnose) in strawberry Graber et al 2010;Kolton et al 2011;Meller Harel et al 2012). Biochar induces responses along both systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance pathways (Meller Harel et al 2011a,b, 2012. Thus, soil applications of biochar can be used not only as a climate change mitigation tool but also as a way to help plants cope with biotic and abiotic stresses.…”

Section: Coping With Changes In Pathosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impacts on Plant Pathogens and Plant Diseases

Elad

Pertot

2014

Journal of Crop Improvement

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281

147

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The effects of climate change on plant pathogens and the diseases they cause have been examined in some pathosystems. Predicted climatic changes are expected to affect pathogen development and survival rates and modify host susceptibility, resulting in changes in the impact of diseases on crops. The effects of these climatic changes will differ by pathosystem and geographical region. These changes may affect not only the optimal conditions for infection but also host specificity and mechanisms of plant infection. We describe research on the effects of changes in temperature, CO 2 and ozone concentrations, precipitation, and drought on the biology of pathogens and their ability to infect plants and survive in natural and agricultural environments. Changing abiotic conditions will also affect the microclimate surrounding plants and the susceptibility of plants to infection. These changing conditions are expected to affect microbial communities in the soil and canopy pathosystems, possibly altering the currently observed beneficial effects of these communities. Because both pathogens and host plants will be affected by the changing climate, dramatic changes in the magnitude of disease expression in a given pathosystem, the geographical distribution of particular plant diseases, the economic importance of particular diseases in a given location, and the set of Downloaded by [UOV University of Oviedo] at 01:55 21 November 2014 100 Y. Elad and I. Pertotdiseases that challenge each crop are expected. These changes will affect the measures farmers use to effectively manage disease, as well as the feasibility of particular cropping systems in particular regions.

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Biochar mediates systemic response of strawberry to foliar fungal pathogens

Cited by 215 publications

References 42 publications

Additive effects due to biochar and endophyte application enable soybean to enhance nutrient uptake and modulate nutritional parameters

Additive effects due to biochar and endophyte application enable soybean to enhance nutrient uptake and modulate nutritional parameters

Substitution of peat moss with softwood biochar for soil-free marigold growth

Climate Change Impacts on Plant Pathogens and Plant Diseases

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