Bioactive polysaccharides and their soluble fraction from Tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) leaves

A Comprehensive Review of C. capsularis and C. olitorius: A Source of Nutrition, Essential Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activities

“…This variation may be the genetic variations among the cultivars and environmental growing conditions. A number of studies reported that C. olitorious and C. capsularis were found to be crude protein (14%, 3.86%), potassium (44.73 mg, 40.43 mg), and beta-carotene (8.13 mg, 6.13 mg) per 100 g, respectively [ 8 , 41 ]. It was stated that beta-carotene is a group of phytochemicals that are liable for different colors of the fruits and vegetables, playing a vital role in the prevention of mortal disease and that C. olitorius ’ content is higher than other Corchorus spp.…”

“…According to the literature, chlorogenic acid may be the most predominant antioxidant [ 45 , 47 , 50 ], whereas caffeoylquinic acids and dicaffeoylquinic acids have been reported to inhibit human low-density lipoprotein oxidation in vitro; there are limited studies investigating the effects in vivo [ 51 , 52 ]. Total phenols (9.20 mg GAE/g DW) were reported in C. olitorius from ethanolic acid, and recently new phenolic compounds such as trans-ferulic acid, p -coumaric acid, and rosmarinic acid were detected from the C. olitorius [ 41 , 53 ]. In a separate study, it was recorded that the most abundant polyphenolic compound was caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, rutin hydrate, ellagic acid, and quercetin hydrate in the leaves of C. capsularis and C. olitorius [ 54 ].…”

“…The content of quercetin glycosides in C. olitorius leaves was 233 mg/100 g of FW, almost twice that of onion, another significant source of quercetin glycosides [ 52 ]. Authors have isolated scopoletin and fusidic acid from C. capsularis [ 58 ], and ethanolic extract of C. olitorius leaves produced the highest flavonoids content (4.10 mg QE/g) [ 53 ], which was lower than mucilaginous polysaccharides (PSc) extracts (6 mg QE/g) conducted by Yakoub et al (2020) [ 41 ].…”

“…Polysaccharide has been reported from the mucilage extract of dried leaf of C. olitorious; it is rich in uronic acid (65%) and contains glucose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, and gluconic acid in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.2:0.2:0.9:1.7, as well as the acetyle group [ 20 ]. In the leaves of C. olitorius , monosaccharide analysis revealed that galactose was predominant, followed by rhamnose, glucose, arabinose, and mannose, with the least amount of glucuronic acid [ 41 ]. Compared with the latest results, galactose, arabinose, and mannose were not detected in earlier research.…”

“…Similar antioxidant activities were the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value for DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 37.65 µg/mL and 33.19 µg/mL, respectively, with the methanolic extract of C. olitorius [ 115 ]. Yakoub et al (2020) reported that 1.5 mg/mL mucilaginous polysaccharides (PSc) extract of C. olitorius revealed 90%, 78%, and 69% against DPPH radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation, and β-carotene, respectively [ 41 ]. The same concentration of PSc also demonstrated an effective response against hydroxyl radicals and DNA breakage with a FRAP assay.…”