Bioactive Compounds from Ephedra fragilis: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant and AntiGlycation Activities

Guenaou, Ismail; Irahal, Imane Nait; Errami, Ahmed; Lahlou, Fatima Azzahra; Hmimid, Fouzia; Bourhim, Noureddine

doi:10.3390/molecules26195998

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Barapatre et al [ 22 ] and Tung et al [ 20 ] also found both high TPC and ABTS radical scavenging activity in the EtOAc fractions of A. nilotica and A. confusa , respectively. In studies where a crude extract was fractionated by solvents of different polarities, it is often found that higher antioxidant activity occurs in the EtOAc fraction than in n -hexane or DCM fractions [ 23 , 24 ], consistent with the findings of this study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Multi-Dimensional Antioxidant Screening of Selected Australian Native Plants and Putative Annotation of Active Compounds

et al. 2023

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Acacia implexa, Eucalyptus rossii and Exocarpos cupressiformis are native plants of Australia, which were used by the First Peoples for medicinal purposes. In this study, 70% aqueous ethanol crude extracts were prepared from A. implexa bark and leaves, E. rossii leaves and E. cupressiformis leaves, and partitioned via sequential extraction with n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and ethanol. The crude extracts and fractions were screened for antioxidant activity using a novel, high-throughput lipid-based antioxidant assay, as well as the aqueous ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) assay and the Folin–Ciocalteu test for total phenols. In the lipid-based assay, non-polar n-hexane and DCM fractions showed higher antioxidant activity against the formation of peroxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) than the other fractions, whereas the non-polar fractions were not effective in aqueous assays. This illustrates that the high potential of the lipid-soluble n-hexane and DCM fractions as antioxidants would have been missed if only aqueous-based assays were used. In addition, the potent antioxidant compounds were putatively annotated using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS). Gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin and tannins were found in most crude extracts.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Multi-Dimensional Antioxidant Screening of Selected Australian Native Plants and Putative Annotation of Active Compounds

et al. 2023

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“…Ephedra fragilis is distributed in North Africa and Europe (▶ Fig. 2 d) [54] as well as in Morocco [44,55] and Austria [43]. Finally, Ephedra nebrodensis, which has the lowest distribution, can be found in North Africa [56], Europe (▶ Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnobotanical Uses and Pharmacological Activities of Moroccan Ephedra Species

Chroho,

Bailly,

Bouissane

2024

Planta Med

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Ephedra species are among the most popular herbs used in traditional medicine for a long time. The ancient Chinese medical book “Treatise on Febrile Diseases” refers to the classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription Ge Gen decoction, which consists of seven herbs, including an Ephedra species. Ephedra species are utilized all over the world to treat symptoms of the common cold and coughs, and to combat major human diseases, such as asthma, cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular and digestive disorders, and microbial infections. This study aimed at identifying specific Ephedra species used traditionally in Morocco for therapeutic purposes. The plant parts, their preparation process, and the treated pathologies were identified and analyzed. The results revealed five ethnobotanically important species of Ephedra: Ephedra alata Decne, Ephedra altissima Desf., Ephedra distachya L., Ephedra fragilis Desf., and Ephedra nebrodensis Tineo. These species are used traditionally in Morocco for treating people with diabetes, cancer, rheumatism, cold and asthma, hypertension, influenza virus infection, and respiratory ailments. In addition, they are occasionally used as calefacient agents, to regulate weight, or for capillary care. Few studies have underlined the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of some of these Moroccan Ephedra species, but little information is available regarding the natural products at the origin of the bioactivities. Further phytochemical investigations and clinical data are encouraged to better support the use of these plants.

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“…For example, nonpolar compounds such as hydrocarbons and terpenes are more soluble in nonpolar solvents such as hexane, while polar compounds such as phenols and flavonoids are more soluble in polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, or water [ 16 , 17 ]. By sequentially extracting a plant sample with solvents of increasing polarity, it is possible to selectively extract different types of compounds and separate them from each other based on their polarity [ 15 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method and Formula for the Quantitative Analysis of the Total Bioactivity of Natural Products

Mathew

Raju

Zhou

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Identification of bioactive natural products from plants starts with the screening of extracts for a desired bioactivity such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, or neuroprotective. When the bioactivity shows sufficient potency, the plant material is subjected to bio-activity-guided fractionation, which involves, e.g., sequential extraction followed by chromatographic separation, including HPLC. The bioactive compounds are then structurally identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). One of the questions that come up during the purification process is how much of the bioactivity originally present in the crude extract is preserved during the purification process. If this is the case, it is interesting to investigate if the loss of total bioactivity is caused by the loss of material during purification or by the degradation or evaporation of potent compounds. A further possibility would be the loss of synergy between compounds present in the mixture, which disappears when the compounds are separated. In this publication, a novel formula is introduced that allows researchers to calculate total bioactivity in biological samples using experimental data from our research into the discovery of anti-inflammatory compounds from Backhousia myrtifolia (Grey Myrtle). The results presented show that a raw ethanolic extract retains slightly more bioactivity than the sum of all sequential extracts per gram of starting material and that—despite a large loss of material during HPLC purification—the total bioactivity in all purified fractions is retained, which is indicative of rather an additive than a synergistic principle.

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Bioactive Compounds from Ephedra fragilis: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant and AntiGlycation Activities

Cited by 17 publications

References 73 publications

Multi-Dimensional Antioxidant Screening of Selected Australian Native Plants and Putative Annotation of Active Compounds

Multi-Dimensional Antioxidant Screening of Selected Australian Native Plants and Putative Annotation of Active Compounds

Ethnobotanical Uses and Pharmacological Activities of Moroccan Ephedra Species

A Method and Formula for the Quantitative Analysis of the Total Bioactivity of Natural Products

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