Bio-oil and bio-char production from corn cobs and stover by fast pyrolysis

Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.; Goldberg, Neil M.; Lima, Isabel M.; Laird, David A.; Hicks, Kevin B.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.09.012

Cited by 584 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Thus, the bio-char can be used in acidic soil to regulate the acidity of soil. Also, some of the characteristics of bio-char, such as O/C molar ratio would affect the cation exchange capacity in soil (Mullen et al 2010;Lee et al 2010). From the experimental results, the pinewood bio-char seems not suitable to be used as an efficient material to improve the cation exchange capacity in soil, for its low O/C molar ratio.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Temperature and Heating Rate on the Characteristics of Molded Bio-char

Li¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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A slow pyrolysis of pinewood was investigated in this paper. Through the briquette process, the pinewood sawdust becomes molded biomass. The molded bio-char was produced from molded biomass with different pyrolysis factors, and the bio-char's heating value, char yield rates, and physicochemical and morphological properties were investigated. Molded bio-char's characteristics depended principally on pyrolysis factors. At low temperature (400 °C), the char yield rate was positively correlated to the heating rate. But at higher temperatures (500 to 700 °C), the char yield rates decreased as heating rates increased. As pyrolysis temperature increased from 400 to 700 °C, the following increased in molded bio-char: fixed-carbon content, percentage carbon, heating value, ash content, as well as surface areas. And its pore structure, graphite degree, and polymerization degree achieved a higher level. Compared with pulverized bio-char, the molded bio-char had a higher char yield rate, ash content, graphite degree, and structure ordering. The molded bio-char obtained from a low temperature (400 °C) and high heating rate (15 °C/min) can be used as a reducing agent, the molded bio-char from 600 °C is recommend as an activated carbon precursor, and the molded bio-chars from low temperature (400 °C) have a higher efficiency as fuel.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Temperature and Heating Rate on the Characteristics of Molded Bio-char

Li¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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“…Thus converting crop residues into biochar and and applying to soils, is a conv returning nutrients to the soil. Furthermore, biochar is resistance to microbial decomposition [10] and therefore soil biochar applications offer the potential to sequester carbon in agricultural lands [11,12,13] thereby mitigating climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biochar Derived from Maize Stover and Rice Straw on the Germination of their Seeds

Kamara¹

2014

AJAF

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Abstract:Although there has been an increased focus on the use of biochar for improving soil fertility and mitigating climate change, some biochars have been reported to contain substances that affect germination and seedling growth negatively. It is therefore necessary to evaluate any biochar material for its effect on seed germination before large scale applications. This study was therefore undertaken to assess the effects of (i) biochar derived from maize stover on maize seed germination and (ii) biochar derived from rice straw on rice seed germination. Seeds of maize (Zea maize L.) and rice (Oryza sativa) were sown separately to soils treated with increasing levels of biochar derived from maize and rice residues respectively. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design involving five biochar treatments: 0 g (control), 1.25g, 2.50g, 3.75g and 5.00g each mixed with 300g of a fine sandy loam soil in Sierra Leone. Results of the germination test showed that most of the maize seeds (>80%) germinated by day3 and there was no significant difference in the number of maize seeds germinated on day 7. On the other hand, few rice seeds germinated on day3 (35%) and was significantly greater than the number of the rice seeds (>90%) germinated on day 7. However, even though the number of maize or rice seeds germinated on biochar treated soils was higher than the control, the difference was not significant. Also, no significant differences in root lengths were observed between the control and biochar treatments at day 7 for both plants. However, maize shoot length differed significantly from the control whereas rice shoot length did not. The results showed that sowing seeds of maize and rice on soils treated with biochar derived from their crop residues had no adverse effect on germination. These findings hold great potential for improved and sustainable maize and rice cultivation in Sierra Leone.

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“…The low impact resistance index of briquettes produced from maize cob particles only may be due to its low lignin content (5.6%), low water soluble carbohydrates (1.1%) and low protein (2.5%). These chemicals are largely responsible for forming solid bridge bonds during densification [10] [11]. Besides, the low compacting pressure used in producing the maize cob briquettes was possibly not adequate to cause plastic deformation of the cell walls of the maize cob particles.…”

Section: Impact Resistance Index (%) Of Briquettes Produced From Maizmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, research studies conducted by [9] [10] suggested that maize cobs compacted at room temperature using low compacting pressure did not have adequate durability for handling and transporting. This is probably due to its low lignin content (5.6%), low water soluble carbohydrates content (1.1%) and low protein content (2.5%), chemicals that are largely responsible for forming solid bridge bonds during densification or briquetting [10] [11]. One of the methods that could be used to improve the densification characteristics of maize cobs without increasing the energy input is by blending it with other biomass materials together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Physico-Mechanical Properties, Compacting Pressure and Mixing Proportion of Briquettes Produced from Maize Cobs and Sawdust

Mitchual¹,

Frimpong-Mensah²,

Darkwa³

2014

JSBS

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This study examined the relationship between selected physico-mechanical properties, compacting pressure and mixing proportion of briquettes produced from combination of maize cob particles and sawdust of low, medium and high density timber species. Particle sizes of maize cobs and sawdust used for the study were ≤1 mm. The two materials were combined at mixing percentages of 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50 (Sawdust:maize cobs). Briquettes were produced at room temperature (28˚C) using compacting pressures 20, 30, 40 and 50 MPa. The results suggested that combining maize cob particles with sawdust of low, medium and high density wood species could significantly enhance the relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from agricultural biomass residue like maize cobs. The results further indicated that the physical and mechanical characteristics of briquettes produced from combinations of sawdust of low density species and maize cobs were exceptionally higher than that produced from combinations of maize cob particles, and medium density and high density timber species. The R 2 values for the regression model between the independent variables (mixing percentage and compacting pressure) and relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from combinations of maize cob particles and sawdust of low density species (Ceiba pentandra) were 0.966, 0.932 and 0.710 respectively. This study provides a hope for briquetting maize cobs at room temperature using a low compacting pressure.

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Bio-oil and bio-char production from corn cobs and stover by fast pyrolysis

Cited by 584 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Temperature and Heating Rate on the Characteristics of Molded Bio-char

Effects of Temperature and Heating Rate on the Characteristics of Molded Bio-char

Effects of Biochar Derived from Maize Stover and Rice Straw on the Germination of their Seeds

Relationship between Physico-Mechanical Properties, Compacting Pressure and Mixing Proportion of Briquettes Produced from Maize Cobs and Sawdust

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