“…It is an effective method to change the adsorption strength of intermediates by adjusting the d-band center (ε d ) position of Pt. , Thus, tuning the relative position of ε d of the catalysts can significantly influence the electrocatalytic performance, which encourage the seeking of suitable approaches to regulating the ε d . − Among them, alloying Pt with foreign metals is a promising means to modify electronic properties of the active sites. − To date, a wide variety of Pt-containing binary alloys have been designed and prepared, such as Pt–Ru, Pt–Cu, Pt–Pd, etc. − Therein, Pd, possessing comparable intrinsic properties with Pt and weaker CO adsorption capacity, is expected to mediate the CO adsorption of Pt and improve the antipoisoning capability. ,− Since the ternary alloy has one more element than the binary alloy, it provides more tunability and possibility in the combination of components and can further regulate ε d via strain and ligand effect. − Specifically, ligand effects, which are a result of the heterometallic atomic neighboring and induce charge transfer between different atoms, play a critical role in determining the catalytic activity. , Non-noble late 3d transition metals that possess lower electronegativity than Pt have the potential to induce strong ligand effects from M to Pt, making them promising candidates as a third metal. ,, Moreover, the dilution of the foreign metal to a single-atom level can enhance heteroatom interaction to the greatest extent, probably leading to a strong ligand effect to further optimize the electronic structure of the alloy. − Drawing inspiration from the above, injecting monodispersed metal atoms into Pt-based binary alloys as modifiers to adjust their reactivity will produce significant performance improvements. ,,− Also, understanding the possible synergetic effects underlying ternary alloy-based enhancement, especially under operation conditions, can provide guidance for discovering structure–activity relationships in more complex multimetallic systems.…”