Bifunctional Europium(III) and Niobium(V)‐Containing Saponite Clays for the Simultaneous Optical Detection and Catalytic Oxidative Abatement of Blister Chemical Warfare Agents

Abstract

For the first time, the co‐presence in the saponite structure of luminescent EuIII and catalytic NbV metal sites was exploited for the simultaneous detection and catalytic abatement of sulfur‐containing blister chemical warfare agents. Metal centers were introduced in structural positions of the saponite (in the interlayer space or inside the inorganic framework) following two different synthetic methodologies. The functionalized saponites were able to reveal the presence of a sulfur mustard simulant (2‐chloroethyl)ethyl sulfide (CEES) after few seconds of contact time and more than 80 % of the substrate was catalytically decomposed after 24 h in the presence of aqueous hydrogen peroxide.

Recent advances in the development of fluorescent sensors for sulfur mustard detection

“…The LOD of this probe was determined to be 0.0065 ppb. Marchesi et al 49 designed and synthesized unprecedented bifunctional saponite samples containing europium (Eu III ) and niobium (Nb V ) in the same material (NbEuSAP, sensor 37 ) for the simultaneous detection of CEES (Fig. 24).…”

Impregnation of Synthetic Saponites with Aldehydes: A Green Approach in the Intercalation of Bioactive Principles

“…For these reasons, synthetic saponites have attracted growing interest by the scientific community and novel derivative samples have been prepared and proposed for different scientific and technological applications, spanning from biomedicine [4,10,11] to catalysis [3,4,[12][13][14], together with environmental [4,[15][16][17][18] and energy-related purposes [3,4,19,20]. The physicochemical features of saponites can be modulated at three different levels: (1) modification of the composition, structure and morphology by varying the dilution of the synthesis gel in the hydrothermal synthesis [3][4][5]16,21] or by following alternative synthetic procedures based on sol-gel and microwave-assisted reactions [4,9,[22][23][24]; (2) introduction into the lamellae framework of metal ions, in order to confer specific properties to the final materials [4,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]; (3) modification of the interlayer space of saponite, through intercalation of different chemical entities (i.e., ions, organic substances, metallo-chelates) [3,4,[33][34][35]<...…”

Rapid detection of sulfur mustard hydrolysis products based on microextraction by packed sorbent combined with nano‐electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

“…The hydrolysis products of chemical agents usually have very low volatility in water and are usually difficult to vaporize. Therefore, if GC/MS is used to analyze the hydrolysis products of nerve agents and blister agents, they should necessarily be derivatized 4–9 . Their pre‐treatment process is cumbersome, time‐consuming, and difficult to meet the needs of rapid reconnaissance of CWAs in the field environment.…”