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Cited by 2,581 publications
(1,608 citation statements)
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References 28 publications
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“…Previous studies have shown alterations in NK cell populations during pregnancy, particularly in association with different pregnancy outcomes 29, 30. The effects of pregnancy on circulating T cell populations are less known, although we and others have shown a subtle alteration of T cell cytokine patterns during pregnancy (31, 32, 33, and our data not shown). Alterations in specific monocytes sub‐populations have been described 34.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 39%
“…Previous studies have shown alterations in NK cell populations during pregnancy, particularly in association with different pregnancy outcomes 29, 30. The effects of pregnancy on circulating T cell populations are less known, although we and others have shown a subtle alteration of T cell cytokine patterns during pregnancy (31, 32, 33, and our data not shown). Alterations in specific monocytes sub‐populations have been described 34.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 39%
“…An influx of immune cells and a switch of local immunity from the adaptive (Th1) type to the innate (Th2) type have been observed during the implantation window 6, 28. The Th2 cytokines allow the development of local mechanisms that promote immunotrophism and also down‐regulate the inflammation and cytotoxic pathways 6, 29. This immune switch, from a Th1 pro‐inflammatory environment to a Th2 anti‐inflammatory environment, is fundamental to the establishment of local maternal tolerance and is crucial for implantation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The lacking effect of cortisol elevation on the immune function of the pregnant gilts in our study may be explained by the particular physiological state of the adult pregnant female. First, immune effects of social stress were observed in non-pregnant pigs; however, it is possible that pregnancy, which is associated with strong immune modifications (Wegmann et al, 1993), abrogated the stress-induced immune shift. For instance, the decrease of lymphocytes/granulocytes ratio towards the end of gestation could explain why we and others (Stefansky et al, 2005) could not find any additional effects of stress on this parameter.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering that pregnancy is a particular physiological state associated with immunological changes (Wegmann et al, 1993) and a decreased sensitivity of the HPA axis to stress (Neumann et al, 1998), one can wonder whether chronic stress has similar immune effects in pregnant gilts as in younger non-pregnant females or males.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%