BGP Anycast Tuner: Intuitive Route Management for Anycast Services

Bertholdo, Leandro Márcio; Ceron, João Marcelo; Granville, Lisandro Zambenedetti; Moura, Giovane C. M.; Hesselman, Cristian; Rijswijk-Deij, Roland van

doi:10.23919/cnsm50824.2020.9269102

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…It plays a vital role for DNS and CDN and services, but different issues have been noted, including the detection latency of IP anycast prefixes [20], AS-level anycast path inflation [21], and client-server mapping limitations that arise in CDN routing [2]. Several enhancements have been discussed focusing on either performance, see, e.g., [22,23], or security, e.g., to mitigate distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks [5]. It has been shown that anycast routing can achieve near-optimal response times and that it can be tailored to suit the QoS requirements of DiffServ networks [24], but these techniques often require knowledge about the global network state (i.e., router loads) [25,26].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cognitive Anycast Routing Method for Delay-Tolerant Networks

Lent

2021

Network

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A cognitive networking approach to the anycast routing problem for delay-tolerant networking (DTN) is proposed. The method is suitable for the space–ground and other domains where communications are recurrently challenged by diverse link impairments, including long propagation delays, communication asymmetry, and lengthy disruptions. The proposed method delivers data bundles achieving low delays by avoiding, whenever possible, link congestion and long wait times for contacts to become active, and without the need of duplicating data bundles. Network gateways use a spiking neural network (SNN) to decide the optimal outbound link for each bundle. The SNN is regularly updated to reflect the expected cost of the routing decisions, which helps to fine-tune future decisions. The method is decentralized and selects both the anycast group member to be used as the sink and the path to reach that node. A series of experiments were carried out on a network testbed to evaluate the method. The results demonstrate its performance advantage over unicast routing, as anycast routing is not yet supported by the current DTN standard (Contact Graph Routing). The proposed approach yields improved performance for space applications that require as-fast-as-possible data returns.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cognitive Anycast Routing Method for Delay-Tolerant Networks

Lent

2021

Network

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“…The contributions of this chapter include a methodology to anticipate the impact of a major IXP outage, and the formulation of novel metrics that allow for the assessment of IXPs in terms of coverage, hegemony, and regional representation. The study discussed in this chapter was published as a research paper in an academic conference [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA), pages 1-9, Sept. 2021. ISBN 9783903176270 [42].…”

Section: Chapter 5 -Peering Anycast At Ixpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Performance Variations: While anycast catchments are reasonably stable [277,100], performance variations may occur between anycast sites, particularly in the presence of network congestion, latency, or outages, which can result in inconsistent user experiences [42].…”

Section: Anycast Drawbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several pieces of research were carried out over the years using the Tangled network: anycast catchment studies [96,257] and the tool called Verfploeter [99]; and several anti-DDoS studies from [98,168] were carried out using our testbed. Moreover, the Tangled testbed is actively being used in the projects SAND [67] and PaaDDoS [41] and some of our results direct applied by industry [100,40].…”

Section: Historical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anycast in the Age of Hypergiants : Towards Tools and Techniques for the other 99% of ASes

Bertholdo¹

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ISPs, DNS-operators en operators van nationale onderzoeksnetwerken over de toenemende centralisatie van DNS-resolvers. Deze discussies leidden ons ertoe om een gefedereerd model voor anycast-netwerken tussen ISPs en DNS-operators voor te stellen. Daarbij hebben we de belangrijkste eisen aan zo'n gefedereerd model geïdentificeerd en een onderzoeksagenda opgesteld die gericht is op het opbouwen van een anycast-federatie voor DNS-resolvers.Door deze bijdragen bevorderen we de wereldwijde adoptie van anycast. Door de instapkosten verbonden aan infrastructuur te verlagen en het beheer te vereenvoudigen, kunnen er nieuwe aanbieders van anycast-diensten ontstaan. Op termijn zou dit mogelijk de huidige centralisatietrend van DNS kunnen keren.

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Everything in its right place: Improving DNS resilience

Sommese¹

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In 2023, the Domain Name System (DNS) will celebrate 40 years since its creation. Despite the passing of four decades, the DNS continues to play a fundamental role in today's Internet. Specifically, the DNS provides the essential service of translating human-readable domain names (e.g., example.org) to IP addresses (e.g., 93.184.216.34).Over the years, the Internet has become increasingly vital to our modern society. The continuous flow of information that takes place on the Internet every day cannot be stopped without catastrophic consequences. In addition, services of crucial importance for people's everyday lives, such as government services, are increasingly transitioning to digital infrastructure. Given the importance of the DNS for the functioning of the Internet and modern society, any issues that the DNS encounters nowadays would have far-reaching consequences. However, over the past 40 years, weaknesses in the DNS system have emerged. One of the most significant cybersecurity threats facing the DNS today are Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can have a severe impact on the availability of the DNS ecosystem. Recent events show that targeted attacks on even a small portion of the DNS infrastructure can impact millions of services and users.In this scenario, a comprehensive characterization of the resilience mechanisms of the DNS authoritative infrastructure, along with an analysis of threats against this resilience, is missing. This gap has led us to the main goal and contribution of this thesis. To achieve this goal, we use a mixed measurement and analytical approach, which has focused on different detractors of DNS resilience. Specifically, throughout the course of this thesis, we analyze misconfigurations and vulnerabilities resulting from miscommunication between operators, assess the choices made by these operators in creating more robust and stable deployments in the face of existing best practices, and evaluate the effectiveness of the deployed techniques in overcoming DDoS attacks.Focusing on our contributions, we show that while the distributed nature of the DNS has enabled its scalability and success, it also presents risks to its resilience. Inconsistency in the DNS hierarchy resulting from miscommunications between stakeholders increases the attack surface and affects resilience, enabling lame delegations and hijacking with potentially severe consequences. SommarioIl 2023 segna il quarantenario dalla creazione del Sistema di Risoluzione Nomi a Dominio, conosciuto come DNS. Nel corso del tempo, il DNS ha sempre svolto un ruolo fondamentale nell'ecosistema di Internet: possiamo considerarlo come un elenco telefonico, in quanto il DNS traduce nomi di dominio facili da ricordare in indirizzi IP (similarmente alle nostre pagine gialle per i numeri di telefono). Negli anni, Internet ha assunto sempre più importanza e i suoi quarant'anni iniziano a pesare sul DNS. Ogni giorno, infatti, assistiamo ad un flusso costante di informazioni che scorrono sulle autostrade digitali e che non p...

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BGP Anycast Tuner: Intuitive Route Management for Anycast Services

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

A Cognitive Anycast Routing Method for Delay-Tolerant Networks

A Cognitive Anycast Routing Method for Delay-Tolerant Networks

Anycast in the Age of Hypergiants : Towards Tools and Techniques for the other 99% of ASes

Everything in its right place: Improving DNS resilience

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