Beyond the Academic Glass Ceiling: Notes on the Situation of Women Professors in Brazil

Moschkovich, Marília

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42436-1_15

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A cademic institutions and academia more generally, have been under criticism due to their lack of equality and diversity (of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background, and so on) (Munar et al, 2017;Nielsen, 2017a;Mayer and Rathmann, 2018;Kalpazidou Schmidt and Cacace, 2019). This is a global issue that, despite ongoing debates and targeted policies, continue to affect both developing and developed countries [e.g., (Monroe et al, 2008;Moschkovich, 2017;Nielsen, 2017b;Chitsamatanga et al, 2018;Maximova-Mentzoni and Egeland, 2019;De Angelis and Grüning, 2020). For instance, even in Scandinavian countries which are often perceived as genderequal societies, female staff representativity at associate professorship and full professorship levels were just ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectionality of social and philosophical frameworks with technology: could ethical AI restore equality of opportunities in academia?

Morimoto

2022

Humanit Soc Sci Commun

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Academia is far from a meritocratic distribution of opportunities. This leads to inequalities, lack of diversity, and unfairness. The objective of this conceptual paper is to propose an integrative framework to help the academic community address its pervasive but persistent inequalities of opportunities. The framework emerges from the intersections of Bourdieu, Bronfenbrenner, and Rawls frameworks and propose the use of ethical artificial intelligence (AI) to contextualise merit and recreate true equality of opportunities. More specifically, I argue that academia has structures and doxa that may be inaccessible to individuals from different social origins, and are perpetuated by privileged individuals who achieve positions of power within academia. The privileged individuals inherit and are exposed to opportunities to acquire capital from early life, resulting in the continuation of status quo practices and alienation of minorities that do not share—or do not have the ability to acquire—capital. I argue that this process occurs as a result of the social origins of the individual and, as Bronfenbrennian framework suggests, disadvantaged individuals lack both the (inherited) capital, but also lack the ability and opportunities to acquire capital relative to privileged counterparts. I argue that the only way to mitigate this inequitable system is to retrieve the Rawlsian original position of ignorance (veil of ignorance) in the allocation of academic capital based on merit, which can only be objectively quantified relative to social origins of individuals. As opposed to current subjective assessments (e.g., peer-review) or lottery systems, I propose the use of Big Data and ethical AI to reconstruct the position of ignorance and contextualise merit based on the expected merit given individuals’ social origins. I also discuss the concept of ‘years post-PhD’ as it is used to introduce fairness in allocation of academic capital and propose a different and less relativistic landmark that accounts for the years post-first authorship publication. This is a novel conceptual framework which can stimulate further research into the ecology of social justice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectionality of social and philosophical frameworks with technology: could ethical AI restore equality of opportunities in academia?

Morimoto

2022

Humanit Soc Sci Commun

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“…Academic institutions and more generally, academia have been under criticism due to their lack of equality and diversity (of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background and so on) (Kalpazidou Schmidt & Cacace, 2019;Mayer & Rathmann, 2018;Munar, Khoo-Lattimore, Chambers, & Biran, 2017;Nielsen, 2017a). This is a global issue that, despite ongoing debates and targeted policies, continue to affect both developing and developed countries [e.g., (Chitsamatanga, Rembe, & Shumba, 2018;De Angelis & Grüning, 2020;Maximova-Mentzoni & Egeland, 2019;Monroe, Ozyurt, Wrigley, & Alexander, 2008;Moschkovich, 2017;Nielsen, 2017b). For instance, even in Scandinavian countries which are often perceived as gender-equal societies, female staff representativity at associate professorship and full professorship levels were just ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All scientists are equal but some are more equal than others: theory of justice applied to academic institutions to create a fair community with true equality of opportunities

Morimoto

2020

Preprint

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1.The lack of diversity and equality of opportunities in academia is often seen as evidence of unfair processes in academic institutions when it comes to the distribution of goods. In this paper, I propose a novel framework to address this issue. 2.The framework integrates the body of literature on human developmental ecology with the theory of justice by John Rawls. The underlying premise of the framework is that academic institutions should account for the arbitrary ecological factors (e.g., culture, socioeconomic background) that influence the opportunities for academic achievements by individuals throughout their lives prior to application for goods. 3.The framework is designed to help academic institutions mitigate (or potentially, eliminate) the benefits accrued over time by individuals that experienced arbitrary but favourable ecological conditions, and assess and judge candidates relative to the expected academic performance given candidates' ecological contexts (i.e., objective fairness). In doing so, this framework is a process that, if adopted by academic institutions, can result in fair equality of opportunities in the distribution of goods. 4.I also discuss the concept of 'years post-PhD', which attempts to make competition fair by discretising career trajectories. I propose a different landmark, which takes into account years post-first authorship publication, and argue that years post-first authorship publication is less relativistic and accounts for differences in academic structure between countries. I discuss the limitations and alternative attempts to make processes in academic institutions fair throughout the text. 5.Overall, this paper proposes a framework designed to improve the academic environment by creating fairness in the distribution of goods by academic institutions, thereby generating true equality of opportunities to all.

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“…I soon realized I couldn't keep avoiding any longer the moment when I would have to academically face the most difficult conflict of my life, that has since I was a child influenced in my decisions and in my personality: the conflict between politics and academia. I knew my work could be benefited by the fact that I have been a militant since age 12 (1999) and that I had been involved in feminism since then -when I first wrote a poem I called "feminist", took 2 See Moschkovich (2013) and Moschkovich (2017) to read more on the MA results.…”

Section: Acknowledgements How I Became An Author An D Researchermentioning

confidence: 99%

Feminist gender wars

Moschkovich¹

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Beyond the Academic Glass Ceiling: Notes on the Situation of Women Professors in Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Intersectionality of social and philosophical frameworks with technology: could ethical AI restore equality of opportunities in academia?

Intersectionality of social and philosophical frameworks with technology: could ethical AI restore equality of opportunities in academia?

All scientists are equal but some are more equal than others: theory of justice applied to academic institutions to create a fair community with true equality of opportunities

Feminist gender wars

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