Beyond faecal microbiota transplantation, the non-negligible role of faecal virome or bacteriophage transplantation

Wu, Dengyu; Zhang, Chenguang; Li, Yanli; Yao, Junhu; Yang, Xiaojun; Wu, Shengru; Du, Juan; Yang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2023.02.005

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ubiquitous viral entity is also prevalent in the mammalian gut microbiome and is thought to play a key role in shaping and maintaining the composition of the gut microbiome as well as affecting host metabolism 17,18 . Fecal virome transplantation (FVT, sterile filtrated donor feces) has been suggested as an alternative to FMT 16,19 . Patients suffering from recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections that were treated with FVT had a cure rate comparable to FMT treatment 20,21 , and FVT has shown to alleviate symptoms of type-2-diabetes and obesity in mice 22 , as well as preventing the onset of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm piglets 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfer of modified fecal viromes improve blood glucose regulation and alleviates symptoms of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in an obesity male mouse model

Mao

Larsen

Zachariassen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Recent evidence suggest a link between gut microbiome dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome, including type-2-diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been explored as a way to restore a healthy gut microbiome in obese patients but poses safety concerns. The wide use of FMT is limited by safety concerns about transferring the entire fecal microbiome from one individual to another. Fecal virome transplantation (FVT) is a safer alternative that transfers bacteriophages without bacterial transfer, but still carries the risk of eukaryotic virus infection. Therefore, a safer and more effective tool for modulating gut microbiome is needed. Methods: We explored the potential of implementing three alternative FVT techniques with increased safety established in a recent study (eukaryotic viruses were either eliminated or inactivated) to ameliorate symptoms associated with a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Male mice were fed with an ad libitum high-fat diet before being euthanized (23 weeks of age) and received the different FVT treatments twice with one week of interval. Body weight was measured, oral glucose tests were performed, feces were sampled frequently, and liver, fat pads, mesenteric lymph node, and blood serum were sampled at termination of study. Results: FVT treatments had no effect on weight gain or the amount of epididymal white adipose tissue. Mice given regular untreated FVT (FVT-UnT) had a significant (p < 0.05) drop in the pathological score of their liver tissue when compared to HFD-control mice. Mice treated with a chemostat propagated fecal virome (FVT-ChP, eukaryotic viruses eliminated by dilution) improved their blood glucose regulation significantly (p < 0.05) compared to HFD-control mice. Gut microbiome analysis of both the bacterial and viral component suggested that bacteriophage-mediated modulation of the gut microbiome could be a driving factor for the observed effects. Conclusions: These results may lay the ground to develop safer bacteriophage-based therapeutic tools to restore the dysbiotic gut microbiome associated with metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of modified fecal viromes improve blood glucose regulation and alleviates symptoms of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in an obesity male mouse model

Mao

Larsen

Zachariassen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Some virulent phages solely utilize lytic cycle, whereas others use a combination of lysogenic and lytic cycles. Interestingly, bacteriophages can readily modify or kill bacterial populations, and several theories have been proposed to explain bacteriophage-bacteria interactions such as Piggyback-the-loser, Piggyback-the-winner, Kill-the-winner, and Red-queen hypothesis 129 . Bacteriophage EFA1 efficiently disrupts E. faecalis biofilms, upregulates ROS production, and modulates its effect on colon cancer 130 .…”

Section: Restoring the Gut Microbiota As An Effective Therapeutic Str...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota in breast cancer development and treatment: The good, the bad, and the useful!

2023

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Regardless of the global progress in early diagnosis and novel therapeutic regimens, breast carcinoma poses a devastating threat, and the advances are somewhat marred by high mortality rates. Breast cancer risk prediction models based on the known risk factors are extremely useful, but a large number of breast cancers develop in women with no/low known risk. The gut microbiome exerts a profound impact on the host health and physiology and has emerged as a pivotal frontier in breast cancer pathogenesis. Progress in metagenomic analysis has enabled the identification of specific changes in the host microbial signature. In this review, we discuss the microbial and metabolomic changes associated with breast cancer initiation and metastatic progression. We summarize the bidirectional impact of various breast cancer-related therapies on gut microbiota and vice-versa. Finally, we discuss the strategies to modulate the gut microbiota toward a more favorable state that confers anticancer effects.

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“…Fecal microbiota transplantation ( FMT ) is the process of transferring and colonizing the gut microbiota from the donor to the recipient, thereby regulating the gut microbiota of the recipient, and ultimately profiting the health of the recipient ( Wu et al, 2023 ). Currently, FMT has been shown to be effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases, psychiatric illnesses, neurological disorders, and immune system dysfunctions ( Kang et al, 2017 ; Blacher et al, 2019 ; Wang et al, 2019 ; Kang et al, 2020 ; Goeser et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FVT, considered the replacement for FMT, is the method to transplant the sterile fecal filtrate of the donor to the recipient, such that the donor's gut microbiota can colonize in the recipient's intestinal tract and regulate the recipient's intestinal microbiota ( Wu et al, 2023 ). Gut virome refers to all intestinal viruses and their genomes, including 0.1% archaea viruses, 2.1% eukaryotic viruses (including plant and mammalian viruses), and 97.7% bacteriophages ( Gregory et al, 2020 ; Spencer et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and fecal virome transplantation on LPS-induced intestinal injury in broilers

Wu,

Liang,

et al. 2024

Poultry Science

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Beyond faecal microbiota transplantation, the non-negligible role of faecal virome or bacteriophage transplantation

Cited by 5 publications

References 150 publications

Transfer of modified fecal viromes improve blood glucose regulation and alleviates symptoms of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in an obesity male mouse model

Transfer of modified fecal viromes improve blood glucose regulation and alleviates symptoms of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in an obesity male mouse model

The gut microbiota in breast cancer development and treatment: The good, the bad, and the useful!

Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and fecal virome transplantation on LPS-induced intestinal injury in broilers

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