Heavy fermion compounds represent one of the most strongly correlated forms of electronic matter and give rise to low temperature states that range from small moment ordering to exotic superconductivity, both of which are often in close proximity to quantum critical points. These strong electronic correlations are associated with the transfer of entropy from the local moment degrees of freedom to the conduction electrons, and, as such, are intimately related to the low temperature degeneracy of the (originally) moment bearing ion. Here we report the discovery of six closely related Yb-based heavy fermion compounds, YbT 2Zn20, that are members of the larger family of dilute rare earth bearing compounds: RT 2Zn20 (T ؍ Fe, Co, Ru, Rh, Os, Ir). This discovery doubles the total number of Yb-based heavy fermion materials. Given these compounds' dilute nature, systematic changes in T only weakly perturb the Yb site and allow for insight into the effects of degeneracy on the thermodynamic and transport properties of these model correlated electron systems. correlated electron ͉ intermetallic compound H eavy fermion compounds have been recognized as one of the premier examples of strongly correlated electron behavior for several decades. Ce-and U-based heavy fermion compounds have been well studied, and in recent years a small number of Yb-based heavy fermions have been identified as well (1-3). Unfortunately, in part due to the somewhat unpredictable nature of 4f ion hybridization with the conduction electrons, it has been difficult to find closely related (e.g., structurally) heavy fermion compounds, other than of the ThCr 2 Si 2 structure, especially Yb-based ones, that allow for systematic studies of the Yb ion degeneracy. Part of this difficulty is associated with the fact that the 4f hybridization depends so strongly on the local environment of the rare earth ion.Dilute, rare earth (R) bearing, intermetallic compounds are ordered materials with Ͻ5 atomic percent rare earth fully occupying a unique crystallographic site. Such materials offer the possibility of investigating the interaction between conduction electrons and 4f electrons in fully ordered compounds for relatively low concentrations of rare earths. For the case of R ϭ Yb or Ce, these materials offer the possibility of preserving low temperature, coherent effects while more closely approximating the single ion Kondo impurity limit. A very promising example of such compounds is derived from the family of RT 2 Zn 20 (4) (T ϭ transition metal), which has recently been shown to allow for the tuning of the nonmagnetic R ϭ Y and Lu members to exceedingly close to the Stoner limit as well as allowing for the study of the effects of such a highly polarizable background on local moment magnetic ordering for R ϭ Gd (5).
DiscoveryHere, we present thermodynamic and transport data on six strongly correlated Yb-based intermetallic compounds found in the RT 2 Zn 20 family for T ϭ Fe, Co, Ru, Rh, Os, and Ir, effectively doubling the number of known Yb-based heavy fermi...