Beta actin and its mRNA are localized at the plasma membrane and the regions of moving cytoplasm during the cellular response to injury.

Abstract

Abstract. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that microvascular pericytes sort muscle and nonmuscle actin isoforms into discrete cytoplasmic domains (Herman, I. M., and P. A.

Polarized distribution of actin isoforms in gastric parietal cells.

“…Therefore, the double probing identified four spots that corresponded to the additive signals for both ,B-and y-actin isoforms. Furthermore, the doubly probed immunoblots confirmed that the y-actin iso- forms had more basic pl values than the ,B-actin isoforms, consistent with reports by several groups (Otey et al, 1986;Hoock et al, 1991). Our specific pl values are less than 0.1 pH unit more acidic than the corresponding values reported by Leavitt et al (1980), but this small difference might be due to the use of different standards.…”

“…Although there have been speculations on differential functions and/or subcellular localizations (Pardo et al, 1983), differences in isoform distribution and function have been minimally explored. A differential distribution of actin isoforms has been suggested based on observed enrichment of f-actin at the cell periphery (DeNofrio et al, 1989;Hoock et al, 1991). The mRNA encoding ,B-and y-actin isoforms were found to be differentially distributed in myoblasts (Hill and Gunning, 1993), whereas these same authors did not detect a spatial separation of the expressed protein isotypes.…”

“…Examination of the wound healing process in endothelial cells showed that the ,B-actin isoform, together with its mRNA, was exclusively distributed in leading lamellae, membrane ruffles, and advancing pseudopods (Hoock et al, 1991). Functional diversity of ,B-actin and y-actin isoforms was demonstrated in C2 myoblasts where overexpression of the human f3-actin isoform gene induced an increase in cell surface area and loss of stress fibers, whereas overexpression of the y-actin isoform was associated with a decreased surface area (Schevzov et al, 1992).…”

“…Two major obstacles to defining a differential distribution of actin isoforms are the development of the means to specifically probe the isoforms and the system in which cytoplasmic 1B-and y-actin isoforms are spatially separated. Cytoplasmic 13-and y-actin isoform-specific antibodies have now been developed and proven to be powerful tools for localizing actin isoforms in situ (Herman and D'Amore, 1985;Otey et al, 1986;Herman, 1988Herman, , 1993DeNofrio et al, 1989;Hoock et al, 1991). Recently, North et al (1994) used antibodies specific for cytoplasmic (3-actin and muscle actin to show distinct, isoform-specific compartments in smooth muscle.…”

Actin isoform expression patterns during mammalian development and in pathology: Insights from mouse models

“…The fact that bCYA and gCYA are differentially localized within a cell strengthens this hypothesis. While gCYA displays a more ubiquitous distribution and often incorporates in stress fibers, bCYA has a clear preference for protrusions [Hoock et al, 1991]. In microvascular peri- Fig.…”