Beringian climate during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene

Alfimov, A. V.; Берман, Д. И.

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(00)00128-1

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, pollen assemblages also contrast with our findings, as the paucity of shrubs in the Kankaren region points to reduced moisture availability, relative to today (Lozhkin and Anderson, 2013;Anderson and Lozhkin, 2015). One possibility to explain discrepancies between DDM results and the polleninterpretation is that aridity persisted in the Kankaren Range at the gLGM, despite increased precipitation, as moisture may have been trapped in glaciers and ground ice (Sergin and Scheglova, 1976;Alfimov and Berman, 2001), meaning that precipitation, even if abundant, may not have been available to plants.…”

Section: Comparison With Proxy Datacontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T 3 present (Elias, 2001;Alfimov and Berman, 2001;Kienast et al, 2005; Sher et al, 2005;Berman et al, 2011; Meyer et al, 2016a). This applies to many areas, including Kamchatka, a mountainous Peninsula attached to Chukotka (south-eastern Siberia; Fig.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1C). gLGM conditions were simulated assuming that glacial mean July temperatures (T July ) equal modern values (Alfimov and Berman, 2001;Berman et al, 2011;Meyer et al, 2016a), but winters were colder than at present (Meyer et al, 2002), conditions yielding a larger A y compared to today.…”

Section: 2setup Of Simulated Scenarios For Kamchatka and In The Kamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking glacier extent and summer temperature in NE Russia - Implications for precipitation during the global Last Glacial Maximum

Meyer

Barr

2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact openaccess@qub.ac.uk. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T AbstractIt is generally assumed that during the global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM, i.e. 18-24 ka BP) dry climatic conditions in NE Russia inhibited the growth of large ice caps and restricted glaciers to mountain ranges. However, recent evidence has been found to suggest that glacial summers in NE Russia were as warm as at present while glaciers were more extensive than today. As a result, we hypothesize that precipitation must have been relatively high in order to compensate for the high summer temperatures and the resulting glacial ablation. We estimate precipitation abundance by mass balance calculations for the paleo-glaciers on Kamchatka and in the Kankaren Range using a degree-day-modelling (DDM) approach, and find that precipitation during the gLGM was likely comparable to, or even exceeded, the modern average. We suggest that stronger than present southerly winds over the Northwest Pacific may have accounted for the abundant precipitation. The DDM-results imply that summer temperature, rather than aridity, limited glacier extent in the southern Pacific Sector of NE Russia during the gLGM.Keywords: Siberia, Last Glacial Maximum, glaciation, precipitation, summer temperature ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTA C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T 2 1) IntroductionAn understanding of the extent of glaciers in East Asia during the global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM, i.e. 18-24 ka BP, Mix et al. (2001)), and an appreciation of the underlying controlling mechanisms are important for the paleoclimate modelling community, as the presence of large ice-caps during this period would strongly impact climatic conditions in the North Pacific (N Pacific) region (Felzer et al., 2001, Bigg et al., 2008. Glacier extent in Northeast Russia (NE Russia) during the gLGM has been controversially discussed in the literature. For a long time the idea that a...

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Section: Comparison With Proxy Datacontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking glacier extent and summer temperature in NE Russia - Implications for precipitation during the global Last Glacial Maximum

Meyer

Barr

2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…Input of sea spray is only relevant during the open-water season so that a prolonged ice cover during the late Pleistocene (Nørgaard-Pedersen et al, 2003;Bradley and England, 2008) should have further reduced the influx of sea salt. Additionally, sustained dry conditions (Carter, 1981;Alfimov and Berman, 2001;Murton, 2009) probably increased eolian input of terrestrial material into ice wedges, which is then directly mirrored in the hydrochemical signature.…”

Section: Carbon Sequestration and Origin In Relation To Inorganic Geomentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Arctic ground ice

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Thermal permafrost degradation and coastal erosion in the Arctic remobilize substantial amounts of organic carbon (OC) and nutrients which have accumulated in late Pleistocene and Holocene unconsolidated deposits. Permafrost vulnerability to thaw subsidence, collapsing coastlines and irreversible landscape change are largely due to the presence of large amounts of massive ground ice such as ice wedges. However, ground ice has not, until now, been considered to be a source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and other elements which are important for ecosystems and carbon cycling. Here we show, using biogeochemical data from a large number of different ice bodies throughout the Arctic, that ice wedges have the greatest potential for DOC storage, with a maximum of 28.6 mg L −1 (mean: 9.6 mg L −1 ). Variation in DOC concentration is positively correlated with and explained by the concentrations and relative amounts of typically terrestrial cations such as Mg 2+ and K + . DOC sequestration into ground ice was more effective during the late Pleistocene than during the Holocene, which can be explained by rapid sediment and OC accumulation, the prevalence of more easily degradable vegetation and immediate incorporation into permafrost. We assume that pristine snowmelt is able to leach considerable amounts of well-preserved and highly bioavailable DOC as well as other elements from surface sediments, which are rapidly frozen and stored in ground ice, especially in ice wedges, even before further degradation. We found that ice wedges in the Yedoma region represent a significant DOC (45.2 Tg) and DIC (33.6 Tg) pool in permafrost areas and a freshwater reservoir of 4200 km 2 . This study underlines the need to discriminate between particulate OC and DOC to assess the availability and vulnerability of the permafrost carbon pool for ecosystems and climate feedback upon mobilization.

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“…Such comprehensive and detailed reviews from several perspectives are already available (Goebel et al 2008;Meltzer 2009;Dillehay 2009;Madsen 2004;Dixon 2001;O'Rourke and Raff 2010;Kemp and Schurr 2010;Achilli et al 2008;Tamm et al 2007;Yang et al 2010;Marshall et al 2002;Alfimov and Berman 2001;Siddall et al 2008). Nor will I review the substantial literature on morphological variation in prehistoric America that bears on the issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contradictions and Concordances in American Colonization Models

O’Rourke

2011

Evo Edu Outreach

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The traditional view of American colonization during the late Pleistocene has largely been conditioned on early conceptions of the timing and extent of continental glaciations and the age and distribution of archeological sites. A review of newer, high resolution genetic data, both from modern populations and ancient DNA samples, along with the emergence of several early archeological sites in both North and South America, and reconsiderations of the glacial dynamics in North America indicate that some aspects of the traditional view need reconsideration. It seems obvious from archeological data that a preglacial occupation of the Americas needs to be closely examined. Accumulating molecular genetic data raises new questions about the timing and population size of the initial colonization(s), while a closer examination of glacial models suggests that a number of routes into the Americas may have been available until fairly late in the last glacial cycle.

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Beringian climate during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene

Cited by 50 publications

References 9 publications

Linking glacier extent and summer temperature in NE Russia - Implications for precipitation during the global Last Glacial Maximum

Linking glacier extent and summer temperature in NE Russia - Implications for precipitation during the global Last Glacial Maximum

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Arctic ground ice

Contradictions and Concordances in American Colonization Models

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