Benchmarking and Validation of Cascading Failure Analysis Tools

Abstract

Cascading failure in electric power systems is a complicated problem for which a variety of models, software tools, and analytical tools have been proposed but are difficult to verify. Benchmarking and validation are necessary to understand how closely a particular modeling method corresponds to reality, what engineering conclusions may be drawn from a particular tool, and what improvements need to be made to the tool in order to reach valid conclusions. The community needs to develop the test cases tailored to cascading that are central to practical benchmarking and validation. In this paper, the IEEE PES working group on cascading failure reviews and synthesizes how benchmarking and validation can be done for cascading failure analysis, summarizes and reviews the cascading test cases that are available to the international community, and makes recommendations for improving the state of the art.

Learning Schemes for Power System Protection

“…The Poland case is made up of 5 zones, we use zones 1-4 to represent the main grid while zone 5 represents the microgrid. The microgrid is innately similar in form to the rest of the network, however the response between the two networks should maintain adequate consistency with a fully detailed and developed microgrid representation [34]. Dynamics are implemented on said case which consist of salient machines for the generators, IEEE Type 1 exciters, and IEEE Type 2 governors.…”

A Comparison of Malicious Interdiction Strategies Against Electrical Networks

“…This archive provides versions of many well known test systems: crucially, realistic branch thermal limits are included ( [115] discusses some of the issues surrounding test case accuracy for cascading failure analysis.) Augmenting these vital thermal limits, branch short time emergency ratings (F ++ l ) are set equal to 130% of normal thermal limits, consistent with [116]- [118].…”

“…Where islands form, load and generation are rebalanced there to maintain a local supply/demand balance. This tool is adequate to simulate the basic propagation mechanism of overload cascades, but it neglects various other effects which may arise in practice [115]:…”

“…if it did, overload cascading would occur [13]. However, the robustness of power systems against malicious (N −k) outages is harder to asses [14], due to the combinatorial explosion of potential scenarios.…”

Benchmarking Quasi-Steady State Cascading Outage Analysis Methodologies

“…Benchmarking and validation of cascading failure analysis tools are extensively discussed in [1]. In particular, that paper proposed a general definition of benchmarking: "Benchmarking is a process for measuring the performance of a tool, such as a software program or a business process, using a trusted procedure and/or dataset, in a way that allows one to compare the performance of one tool to another."…”