Bees increase oilseed rape yield under real field conditions

Perrot, Thomas; Gaba, Sabrina; Roncoroni, Maryline; Gautier, Jean-Luc; Bretagnolle, Vincent

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2018.07.020

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On each plant, six flowering branches were marked using flower markers of two different colours (three panicles each) and bagged with hydrophilic plastic bags made of osmolux film (Pantek France, www.pantek-france.fr/agriculture.html). The osmolux bags are gas-permeable, but prevent all contact with insects, even small ones such as thrips (Thysanoptera) 56 . On the day of the introduction of the bees into the tunnels, three color-coded branches were un-bagged and exposed to bee visits (bee pollination treatment), while the three others remained covered (autonomous self-pollination treatment).…”

Section: Pollinator Exclusion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect pollination: an ecological process involved in the assembly of the seed microbiota

Prado

Marolleau

Vaissière

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Gloria torres-cortes 2,4* the assembly of the seed microbiota involves some early microbial seed colonizers that are transmitted from the maternal plant through the vascular system, while other microbes enter through the stigma. Thus, the seed microbiota consists of microbes not only recruited from the plant vascular tissues, but also from the flower. Flowers are known to be a hub for microbial transmission between plants and insects. This floral-insect exchange opens the possibility for insect-transmitted bacteria to colonize the ovule and, subsequently, the seed to pass then into the next plant generation. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of insect pollination to the seed microbiota through high-throughput sequencing. Oilseed rape (OSR) flowers were exposed to visits and pollination by honey bees (Apis mellifera), red mason bees (Osmia bicornis), hand pollinated or left for autonomous self-pollination (ASP). Sequence analyses revealed that honey bee visitation reduced bacterial richness and diversity in seeds, but increased the variability of seed microbial structure, and introduced bee-associated taxa. In contrast, mason bee pollination had minor effects on the seed microbiota. Our study provides the first evidence that insect pollination is an ecological process involved in the transmission of bacteria from flowers to seeds. In nature, plants live in close association with a diversity of micro-and macro-organisms, both within and outside their tissues. Microbes may play beneficial roles in plant growth and development, positively affecting plant biomass or disease resistance 1-3. Although numerous studies have focused on microbial assemblages associated with different plant organs 4,5 , little is known about tripartite interactions between plants, their microbiomes and other multicellular organisms, such as pollinators. Insect visitors acquire and deposit microorganisms onto flower surfaces during nectar and pollen collection 6-9 , thus shape the flower microbiota 10-12. These flower-associated microbes are mainly fungi, followed by bacteria 10. A recent study has shown that these flower inhabitants can act as intermediaries of plant-pollinator communication; bees innately avoid flowers inhabited by bacteria but are not deterred by yeasts 13. Moreover, microorganisms transported by insects may influence plant-pollinator interactions; this is the case of yeasts transported by ants that change nectar composition 8. Furthermore, since the flower microbiota serves as one of several inocula for the plant ovule and, hence, for the seed 14 , it is possible that by affecting the microbial community of the flower (including pollen), pollinators could modify the seed microbiota. The role of insect vectors in the dispersal of bacteria and fungi to roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits is well documented 15,16 , while their role in the microbial assembly of the seed has yet to be described. During seed-to-seed development, some early microbial seed colonizers are transmitted from the mother plant to the o...

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Section: Pollinator Exclusion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect pollination: an ecological process involved in the assembly of the seed microbiota

Prado

Marolleau

Vaissière

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Experiments have been widely used in agricultural sciences to establish causal links between patterns and processes, for example, between yield and insect pollination (Bommarco, Marini, & Vaissière, ; Perrot, Gaba, Roncoroni, Gautier, & Bretagnolle, ). They have provided important insights within the efficiency‐substitution‐redesign model (Hill & MacRae, ) for making best use of resources within existing system configurations, using new technologies and practices to replace existing ones that may be less effective on both productivity and sustainability grounds, or by designing agricultural systems that ensure food production while limiting negative impacts on the environment.…”

Section: Existing Approaches To Foster Agroecological Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social–ecological experiments to foster agroecological transition

Gaba

Bretagnolle

2020

People and Nature

Self Cite

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1.A paradigm shift is needed to make agriculture sustainable, and various substitutes for intensive agriculture have been proposed. However, moving from theory to practice, in the context of climate change, natural resource depletion and worldwide economic and social disorder requires a novel approach that goes beyond the confines of 'normal' scientific practice, to (a) consider ecological and socioeconomic processes within the agricultural socio-ecosystem and (b) involving stakeholders in the research process.2. We propose an innovative experimental approach for identifying management practices that optimize multiple objectives, deliver a portfolio of ecosystem services and satisfy the social demands of key stakeholders while improving the socio-economic welfare of farmers. Social-ecological experiments are undertaken in real-field conditions, involving stakeholders explicitly, all along the experimental pathway, to help untangle the drivers of social-ecological dynamics under various practices of land management and farming. As an example, we describe a socialecological experiment to reduce the intensity of weed control.3. These 'social-ecological experiments' go further, to participatory action research by not only involving stakeholders in the research process but also by manipulating simultaneously socioeconomic and ecological processes under real-field conditions to foster agroecological transition. Such experiments are distinct from adaptive management, participatory agricultural research and scenario-planning approaches as they highlight the interactions between ecological and social processes, manipulate the processes shaping the system and show causal links between patterns and processes. 4. Social-ecological experiments offer great opportunities for increasing stakeholders' acceptance of environmental policies or sustainable agriculture programmes implemented through adaptive management. These experiments may help to identify management practices that deliver a portfolio of ecosystem services and satisfy key stakeholders. K E Y W O R D S

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“…Approximately 80% of flowering plants, including many crops, require insects to pollinate [1][2][3]. Honeybees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae) are the most important pollinators worldwide [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the response of honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) to amitraz treatment

et al. 2020

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Amitraz is an acaricide that is widely used in apiculture. Several studies have reported that in honeybees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae), amitraz affects learning, memory, behavior, immunity, and various other physiological processes. Despite this, few studies have explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of amitraz on honeybees. Here, we investigated the transcriptome of honeybees after exposure to 9.4 mg/L amitraz for 10 d, a subchronic dose. Overall, 279 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (237 upregulated, 42 downregulated). Several, including Pla2,

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Bees increase oilseed rape yield under real field conditions

Cited by 58 publications

References 49 publications

Insect pollination: an ecological process involved in the assembly of the seed microbiota

Insect pollination: an ecological process involved in the assembly of the seed microbiota

Social–ecological experiments to foster agroecological transition

Transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the response of honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) to amitraz treatment

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