Battery swapping station for electric vehicles: opportunities and challenges

Abstract

In contemporary days, the research and development enterprises have been focusing to design intelligently the battery swap station (BSS) architecture having the prospects of providing a consistent platform for the successful installation of the large-scale fleet of hybrid and electric vehicles (i.e. xEVs). The BSS may calibrate its subsystem for the electric vehicle (EV) deployment by accomplishing similar idea as in existing gasoline refuelling stations, in which the discharged batteries are being replaced or swapped by partially or fully charged ones by spending a few minutes. The BSS approach has arisen as a promising technology to the traditional EV recharging station approach as it provides a broader experience of business prospects for the specific stakeholders. This work deals with the introduction to BSS including infrastructure, techniques, benefits over charging station and key challenges associated with BSS. Furthermore, an S34X-smart swapping station for xEVs is proposed and finally, the key thrust is research for BSS is discussed. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first kind of review work on BSS.

Battery Swapping Stations for Electric Vehicles

“…The following are the various swapping methods, which are classified according to the location of the battery in the vehicle and the robotic arm's application point [1,2]:  bottom swapping is for vehicles with a battery that is located at the bottom of the vehicle. The swapping station is designed such that the vehicle is parked on a raised platform and the batteries are switched from the bottom using a robotic arm and other accessories that are usually located below ground level,  top swapping: This is more widely seen with electric buses, where the batteries are mounted on top and the rooftop opens as the bus arrives, allowing the swapping to be done by a robotic arm,  sideways swapping is commonly seen in buses and other vehicles where the sideways configuration is the most practical,  rear swapping is seen in vehicles where the battery is mounted backwards.…”

A Distributed Urban Traffic Congestion Prevention Mechanism for Mixed Flow of Human-Driven and Autonomous Electric Vehicles

“…Then the candidate routes that exceed the preset deadline to reach the destination are removed from the list in accordance with the list of constraints given in Eqs. (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Next, we derive the value inside the Min (⋅) operator in Eq.…”

“…If an EV needs to recharge on the way to its destination due to a battery electricity shortage, three charging options, including plugin charging stations [4], battery-swapping services [5], and on-road wireless charging [6], can be chosen according to a specific charging preference set by an EV driver. In contrast, the most convenient charging option is selected for the CAV fleet vehicles that are offering ridesharing MoD services before recharging.…”

A new high‐efficiency interleaved step‐up converter with zero‐voltage switching, zero‐current switching, and common‐ground features for stand‐alone electric vehicle charging stations

“…Plug‐in EVs that a battery bank is their only source of energy require to be recharged for recovery. Different charging methods exist for EVs, 1 like battery swapping, 2,3 physical charging stations, 4 and transportable charging stations 5 . Wireless charging stations are also another new subject that is developing rapidly 6,7 .…”