Basic Circadian Timing and Sleep-Wake Regulation

Cuesta, Marc; Boudreau, Philippe; Boivin, Diane B.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6578-6_6

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…The most parsimonious hypothesis is that polymorphisms in circadian clock genes alter the period length or amplitude of the clock oscillations, thus causing an advance or delay in clock phase that results in circadian misalignment. The desynchrony of clock oscillations with environmental cues disrupts the downstream signals regulating behavioral phenotypes, including sleep-wake pathways (diurnal preference and/or chronotype) (Archer and Oster, 2015; Cuesta et al, 2017; Fuller et al, 2006), hormone regulatory pathways (mood) (Bedrosian et al, 2016; Ben-Hamo et al, 2016; Salgado-Delgado et al, 2011), and likely many others. There are multiple potential pathways by which circadian misalignment may affect mood by altering cellular processes in the brain and in peripheral tissues (McClung, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Strengthens Molecular Link between Circadian Polymorphisms and Major Mood Disorders

Liberman

Halitjaha

et al. 2018

J Biol Rhythms

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Anxiety and other mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and seasonal affective disorder (SAD), affect nearly one-fifth of the global population and disproportionately affect young adults. Individuals affected by mood disorders are frequently plagued by sleep and circadian problems, and recent genetic studies provide ample support for the association of circadian and sleep syndromes with depression and anxiety. Mathematical modeling has been crucial in understanding some of the essential features of the mammalian circadian clock and is now a vital tool for dissecting how circadian genes regulate the molecular mechanisms that influence mood. Here, we model the effect of five clock gene polymorphisms, previously linked to mood disorders, on circadian gene expression and, ultimately, on the period length and amplitude of the clock, two parameters that dictate the phase, or alignment, of the clock relative to the environment. We then test whether these gene variants are associated with circadian phenotypes (Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness scores) and well-established measures of depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) in a population of undergraduates ( n = 546). In this population, we find significant allelic and/or genotypic associations between CRY2 and two PER3 variants and diurnal preference. The PER3 length polymorphism (rs57875989) was significantly associated with depression in this sample, and individuals homozygous for the PER3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs228697) reported significantly higher anxiety. Our simple model satisfies available experimental knockdown conditions as well as existing data on clock polymorphisms associated with mood. In addition, our model enables us to predict circadian phenotypes (e.g., altered period length, amplitude) associated with mood disorders in order to identify critical effects of clock gene mutations on CRY/BMAL binding and to predict that the intronic SNPs studied represent gain-of-function mutations, causing increased transcription rate. Given the user-friendly structure of our model, we anticipate that it will be useful for further study of the relationships among clock polymorphisms, circadian misalignment, and mood disorders.

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confidence: 99%

Modeling Strengthens Molecular Link between Circadian Polymorphisms and Major Mood Disorders

Liberman

Halitjaha

et al. 2018

J Biol Rhythms

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“…Circadian timing of sleep-wake is defined by a model that integrates two independent processes: Process C, which denotes the variations of sleep propensity across 24 h, and Process S, which is related to the homeostatic sleep control (29). Several biomarkers have been found to be correlated with Process S (namely increasing during wakefulness and declining during sleep), including adenosine, prostaglandins, cytokines, brain-derived neurotropic factor and epidermal growth factor (30). The longer the duration of maintaining a state of wake exists, the higher an increase in the need for sleep.…”

Section: Circadian and Homeostatic Control Of Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology of sleep (Review)

et al. 2021

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Sleep is a physiological global state composed of two different phases: Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The control mechanisms of sleep manifest at the level of genetic, biological and cellular organization. Several brain areas, including the basal forebrain, thalamus, and hypothalamus, take part in regulating the activity of this status of life. The signals between different brain regions and those from cortical areas to periphery are conducted through various neuromediators, which are known to either promote wakefulness or sleep. Among others, serotonin, norepinephrine, histamine, hypocretin (orexin), acetylcholine, dopamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid are known to orchestrate the intrinsic mechanisms of sleep neurobiology. Several models that explain the transition and the continuity between wakefulness, NREM sleep and REM sleep have been proposed. All of these models include neurotransmitters as ligands in a complex reciprocal connectivity across the key-centers taking part in the regulation of sleep. Moreover, various environmental cues are integrated by a central pacemaker-located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus-which is able to connect with cortical regions and with peripheral tissues in order to promote the sleep-wake pattern. Contents

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“…Along a continuum of morningness-eveningness, individuals can be categorized as intermediate types, morning types (MTs), or evening types (ETs). Compared to MTs and considering the external clock, ETs tend to prefer later sleep and activity schedules and present later zeniths (i.e., peaks) of physiological circadian markers, such as core body temperature and melatonin secretion [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronotype, Time of Day, and Children’s Cognitive Performance in Remote Neuropsychological Assessment

Bettencourt,

Pires,

Almeida

et al. 2024

Behavioral Sciences

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Research on the influence of chronotype and time of day (TOD) on cognitive performance, especially in children, is limited. We explored potential interactive effects, hypothesizing that performance differs when comparing preferred vs. non-preferred TOD. In total, 76 morning-type (MT = 37) or evening-type (ET = 39) children from the third and fourth grades (48.7% girls; M age = 8.05; SD age = 0.51), identified through the Children Chronotype Questionnaire, completed two 30-min neuropsychological assessment sessions via videoconference on the first (9:00) or last hour (16:00) of the school day. The protocol included neuropsychological tests targeting memory, language, and attention/executive domains. The results revealed an interactive effect of medium size between chronotype and TOD on a Rapid Alternating Stimulus (Naming) Task. MT and ET performed faster in asynchrony conditions (morning for ET; afternoon for MT). Additionally, ET outperformed MT in a Backward Digit Span Task, irrespective of TOD. TOD also influenced performance on an Alternating Verbal Fluency Task, with both MT and ET children performing better in the morning. These results underscore the importance of chronotype and TOD in children’s cognitive performance, particularly in working memory and verbal fluency. Children assessed during non-preferred TOD exhibited better performance on some cognitive tasks, challenging the assumption that optimal times always yield superior results.

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Basic Circadian Timing and Sleep-Wake Regulation

Cited by 5 publications

References 265 publications

Modeling Strengthens Molecular Link between Circadian Polymorphisms and Major Mood Disorders

Modeling Strengthens Molecular Link between Circadian Polymorphisms and Major Mood Disorders

Neurobiology of sleep (Review)

Chronotype, Time of Day, and Children’s Cognitive Performance in Remote Neuropsychological Assessment

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