Bases moleculares de la resistencia a meticilina en Staphylococcus aureus

Aguayo-Reyes, Alejandro; Quezada-Aguiluz, Mario; Mella, Sergio; Riedel, Gisela; Opazo-Capurro, Andrés; Bello-Toledo, Helia; Domı́nguez, Mariana; González-Rocha, Gerardo

doi:10.4067/s0716-10182018000100007

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(38 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1959, methicillin was introduced; as a consequence, in 1960 [45], the first strains resistant to this antibiotic (MRSA) were highlighted. The ability to escape treatment by methicillin results from three different mechanisms ( Figure 3): The first mechanism produces a penicillin-binding protein called PBP2a, encoded by the mecA gene, causing a decrease in the antimicrobial activity of β-lactams ( Figure 3) [46]. Recent studies have highlighted that the new homologues of mecA genes-for example, mecB, mecC, and mecD-are probably not detectable with current laboratory methods [47][48][49].…”

Section: Methicillin-resistant S Aureus (Mrsa) Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism capable of causing numerous diseases of the human skin. The incidence of S. aureus skin infections reflects the conflict between the host skin′s immune defenses and the S. aureus’ virulence elements. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small protein molecules involved in numerous biological activities, playing a very important role in the innate immunity. They constitute the defense of the host′s skin, which prevents harmful microorganisms from entering the epithelial barrier, including S. aureus. However, S. aureus uses ambiguous mechanisms against host defenses by promoting colonization and skin infections. Our review aims to provide a reference collection on host-pathogen interactions in skin disorders, including S. aureus infections and its resistance to methicillin (MRSA). In addition to these, we discuss the involvement of defensins and other innate immunity mediators (i.e., toll receptors, interleukin-1, and interleukin-17), involved in the defense of the host against the skin disorders caused by S. aureus, and then focus on the evasion mechanisms developed by the pathogenic microorganism under analysis. This review provides the “state of the art” on molecular mechanisms underlying S. aureus skin infection and the pharmacological potential of AMPs as a new therapeutic strategy, in order to define alternative directions in the fight against cutaneous disease.

show abstract

Section: Methicillin-resistant S Aureus (Mrsa) Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The emergence of MRSA is due to the acquisition of the SCCmec element into the chromosome of MSSA strains. SCCmec elements are highly diverse and have been classified into types and subtypes as shown in Table 2 [4,71,72].…”

Section: Characterization Of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From the mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common clones in sheep were ST398 and ST133, in pigs and pork both ST398 and ST9, and in chicken ST5. The clustering of isolates obtained by PFGE agreed well with the MLST types, i.e., the identical restriction patterns or patterns that differed at two to six bands had an identical ST. A total of 34 S. aureus isolated from animals Adapted from Aguayo-Reyes et al [4], Wu et al [71], and Baig et al [72]. (sheep and pigs) and from pork meat, which were ST398, could not be restricted with SmaI or XmaI during PFGE analysis.…”

Section: Characterization Of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From the mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first resistant S. aureus strains were isolated 2 years after the introduction of penicillin; in this case the mechanism of resistance was the production of the enzyme β-lactamase. Subsequently, in 1959, the antibiotic methicillin was introduced, and the first strain of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was clinically identified in 1960 [4]. These strains are resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins, and all β-lactam antibiotics, except ceftaroline and ceftobiprol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Staphylococcus aureusin the Meat Supply Chain: Detection Methods, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence Factors

Velasco¹,

Quezada-Aguiluz²,

Bello-Toledo³

2020

Staphylococcus and Streptococcus

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) can cause a wide variety of infections in humans, such as skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, pneumonia, and food poisoning. This pathogen could be carried on the nares, skin, and hair of animals and humans, representing a serious problem at the hospital and the community level as well as in the food industry. The pathogenicity of S. aureus is given by bacterial structures and extracellular products, among which are toxins, which could cause staphylococcal diseases transmitted by food (SFD). S. aureus has the ability to develop resistance to antimicrobials (AMR), highlighting methicillinresistant strains (MRSA), which have resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics, except to the fifth-generation cephalosporins. Methicillin resistance is primarily mediated by three mechanisms: production of an altered penicillin-binding protein PBP2' (or PBP2a), encoded by the mecA gene; high production of β-lactamase in borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA); and mutations in the native PBPs, called modified S. aureus (MODSA). Emerging strains have been isolated from meat-producing animals and retail meat, such as MRSA, MRSA ST398 (associated with livestock), multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus, and enterotoxinproducing S. aureus. Therefore, there is a risk of contamination of meat and meat products during the different processing stages of the meat supply chain.

show abstract

“…MRSA are characterized by a high level of resistance to antibiotics of different pharmacological groups -macrolides, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, especially to β-lactam group, including penicillin and cephalosporin of all generations (Gostev et al, 2015;Khan et al, 2018). Resistance of MRSA to β-lactam antibiotics is caused by the synthesis of penicillin-binding protein (PBP2A) by bacterial cells, which is coded by gene mecA and is characterized by high affinity to β-lactams (Aguayo-Reyes et al, 2018;Pardos de la Gandara et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of multiresistant community-associated MRSA strains from patients with pathological processes of different localization

Sklyar

Lavrentievа

Gavrilyuk

et al. 2018

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The therapy of infections, caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with multiple resistance to antibiotics remains one of the most acute problems all over the world. It is all the more complicated since a priori the MSRA strains are not sensitive to the group of β-lactam antibiotics and multiresistant isolates are resistant to other groups of antimicrobial preparations, including antibiotics of choice (rifampicin, vancomycin, fusidic acid, co-trimoxazole and linezolid). From the samples of biomaterials of patients with pathological processes of different localization, we isolated 335 strains of bacteria, which were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, 169 (50.4%) of which were methicillin-resistant variants: 57.5% cultures were isolated from the nasal discharge; 50.7% -from faeces at intestinal dysbioses; by 40.0% -from conjunctival discharge, pharyngeal swab, outer ear swab and sputum; 33.3% -from urine samples. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated cultures was estimated by the disc-diffusion method and the method of serial dilution. The MRSA strains appeared to be most resistant to gentamycin, erythromycin (by 59.5% of cultures) and ciprofloxacin (53.3% of isolates), most sensitive -to vancomycin, co-trimoxazole and fusidic acid. The frequency of isolation of the cultures that are resistant to antibiotics did not exceed 4.1%. Rifampicin suppressed the growth of 75.8% and linezolid -of 100.0% of strains. Depending on the kind of biomaterial taken, MRSA strains, isolated from the nasal cavity, outer ear, urine samples, samples of sputum and faeces at intestinal dysbioses proved to be most resistant to the tested antimicrobial preparations. Rifampicin-and vancomycin-resistant strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococci made up 21.3% of the total number of the detected MRSA. They were most often isolated from the clinical samples taken from the nasal cavity and faeces. When determining minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of rifampicin and vancomycin, which are antibiotics of choice for treatment of infections caused by multiresistant MRSA, it was found that for 55.5% of the MRSA strains isolated from faeces, MIC of rifampicin coincided with the threshold value for this antibiotic and for 44.5%, it exceeded the threshold value by 2 times (4 µg/ml). 22.2% of them were characterized by the critical value of susceptibility to vancomycin (MIC ≥ 2 µg/ml). From rifampicin-and vancomycin-resistant MRSA stains, isolated from the nasal cavity, MIC of rifampicin coincided with the threshold value for this antibiotic for 66.7% of cultures, and exceeded it at least by 2 times for 33.3%. 11.1% of them were characterized by the critical level of susceptibility to vancomycin (MIC ≥ 2 µg/ml) and by 3.7% of strains exceeded MIC by 2 and 4 times respectively (4 and 8 µg/ml).

show abstract

Bases moleculares de la resistencia a meticilina en Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus

Human Defensins: A Novel Approach in the Fight against Skin Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureusin the Meat Supply Chain: Detection Methods, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence Factors

Monitoring of multiresistant community-associated MRSA strains from patients with pathological processes of different localization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About