Barriers to start‐up and their effect on aspirant entrepreneurs

Abstract

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Entrepreneurial-intention constraint model: A comparative analysis among post-graduate management students in India, Singapore and Malaysia

“…A study of cognitive barriers by Pihkala and Vesalainen (2000) found that financial risk, social risk, lack of skills, and lack of commitment required to be an entrepreneur were major obstacles in the path. Robertson et al (2003) also found the fear of debt and failure, along with the difficulties in obtaining finance, to be significant obstacles in starting the business. On similar lines, Smith (1999) found that fear of business failure is one of the major hurdles to start a business and Iakovleva et al (2014) found cognitive barriers represented by lack of competence and lack of skills impeding business startup.…”

A theoretical grounding and test of the GEM model

“…Access to finance is also the most widely recognised object of entrepreneurship policy, and insufficient finance is regularly cited by non-entrepreneurs as a barrier to starting a business (Volery et al, 1997;Kouriloff, 2000;Robertson et al, 2003;Choo and Wong, 2006). There is some evidence that restricted competition in banking and government credit controls can restrict entry in the non-financial sector (Cetorelli and Strahan, 2006;Kawai and Urata, 2002).…”

Perceptions of Entrepreneurial Behaviour in Botswana

“…Most of the previous studies rely upon the trait theory. The trait theory focuses on personality traits, which drive an individual"s decision to become an entrepreneur (Robertson et al, 2003); or identifies common links or motivations among entrepreneurs that bind them together (Henderson and Robertson, 1999). As also noted by Day et al, (2006), this theory is concerned with what the entrepreneur does rather than what they are.…”

“…However, research has suggested that various entrepreneurial characteristics are based on a number of theoretical perspectives. For detailed discussions of the perspectives of entrepreneurship see, Day, Reynolds, and Lancaster, 2006;Ratashobya, 1999;Robertson, Collins, Medeira and Slater, 2003. Most of the previous studies rely upon the trait theory.…”