Balance Problems in Down Syndrome Children: Various Sensory Elements and Contribution to Middle Ear Problems

Ghannoum, Mohamed Tarek; Shennawy, Amira El; Abdelraouf, Ehab R.; Gebril, Ola H.; Abdelhady, Heba S.

doi:10.17430/892705

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…The sample consisted of non-athletes from Sweden as well as athletes mainly from Sweden. The data did not include any detailed information about the level of ID or type of disability, which affect balance capacity (El Shennawy, 2015;Paillard, 2017). The types of sports in which athletes participated were not described in the data either, this is also a limitation because the type of physical exercise or sport also affects the balance capacity (Guidetti et al, 2010).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in balance capacity for Special Olympics athletes and non-athletes with intellectual disabilities

Fjellström,

Oskarsson,

Hansen

et al. 2024

Eur. J. Adapt. Phys. Act.

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Fall incidents are a significant health problem for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and physical activity improves balance capacity and can prevent the risk of falling. The Special Olympics Healthy Athletes® offers health screenings and education to athletes with ID. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore whether Special Olympics athletes have better balance capacity than non-athletes with ID. During the Special Olympics Sweden Invitational Games 2020, athletes and non-athletes participated in the Healthy Athletes programme. The results of athletes (n=47) and non-athletes (n=25) for balance tests (i.e. single leg stance, functional reach and timed sit-to stand test) and health markers (i.e. blood pressure and body mass index) were analysed. Athletes showed higher balance capacity, more physical activity at moderate intensity and a lower body mass index and diastolic blood pressure compared to non-athletes. However, the balance capacity of both athletes and non-athletes with ID were low, lower than for people without ID. From this study, Special Olympics athletes showed higher physical activity on moderate intensity and higher balance capacity which can decrease the risk of fall incidents compared to non-athletes.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in balance capacity for Special Olympics athletes and non-athletes with intellectual disabilities

Fjellström,

Oskarsson,

Hansen

et al. 2024

Eur. J. Adapt. Phys. Act.

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Hearing impairment in murine model of Down syndrome

Chen¹,

Li²,

McCall

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Hearing impairment is a cardinal feature of Down syndrome (DS), but its clinical manifestations have been attributed to multiple factors. Murine models could provide mechanistic insights on various causes of hearing loss in DS. To investigate mechanisms of hearing loss in DS in the absence of the cadherin 23 mutation, we backcrossed our DS mice, Dp(16)1Yey, onto normal-hearing CBA/J mice and evaluated their auditory function. Body weights of wild type (WT) and DS mice were similar at 3-months of age, but at 9-months, WT weighed 30% more than DS mice. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), a test of sensory outer hair cell (OHC) function negatively impacted by conductive hearing loss, were reduced in amplitude and sensitivity across all frequencies in DS mice. The middle ear space in DS mice appeared normal with no evidence of infection. MicroCT structural imaging of DS temporal bones revealed a smaller tympanic membrane diameter, oval window, and middle ear space and localized thickening of the bony otic capsule, but no gross abnormalities of the middle ear ossicles. Histological analysis of the cochlear and vestibular sensory epithelium revealed a normal density of cochlear and vestibular hair cells; however, the cochlear basal membrane was approximately 0.6 mm shorter in DS than WT mice so that the total number of hair cells was greater in WT than DS mice. In DS mice, the early and late peaks in the auditory brainstem response (ABR), reflecting neural responses from the cochlear auditory nerve followed by subsequent neural centers in the brainstem, were reduced in amplitude and ABR thresholds were elevated to a similar degree across all frequencies, consistent with a conductive hearing impairment. The latency of the peaks in the ABR waveform were longer in DS than WT mice when compared at the same intensity; however, the latency delays disappeared when the data were compared at the same intensity above thresholds to compensate for the conductive hearing loss. Future studies using wideband tympanometry and absorbance together with detailed histological analysis of the middle ear could illuminate the nature of the conductive hearing impairment in DS mice.

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Balance Problems in Down Syndrome Children: Various Sensory Elements and Contribution to Middle Ear Problems

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Difference in balance capacity for Special Olympics athletes and non-athletes with intellectual disabilities

Difference in balance capacity for Special Olympics athletes and non-athletes with intellectual disabilities

Hearing impairment in murine model of Down syndrome

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