Bacterial Communities in the Embryo of Maize Landraces: Relation with Susceptibility to Fusarium Ear Rot

Passera, Alessandro; Follador, Alessia; Morandi, Stefano; Miotti, Niccolò; Ghidoli, Martina; Venturini, G.; Quaglino, F.; Brasca, Milena; Casati, P.; Pilu, Roberto; Bulgarelli, Davide

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9112388

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…An application of fungicides with the Bacillus subtilis strain was identified as a promising strategy for controlling Fusarium verticillioides-caused diseases [48]. Moreover, it is commonly accepted that seed endophytes could spread systemically through the seeding phyllosphere plant, exit the root, and colonize the rhizosphere [13,21], playing vital roles in plant health, disease resistance, and growth-promotion [13,49]. For anemochore, the extensive existence and co-evolution of these seed endophytes with their host plant might be a key biotic factor for plant survival in harsh environments.…”

Section: Predictive Functional Profiling In the Seed Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Anemochore Seeds Harbor Distinct Fungal and Bacterial Abundance, Composition, and Functional Profiles

Liu

Cai

et al. 2022

JoF

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Many plants adapted to harsh environments have evolved low seed mass (‘light seeds’) with specific dispersal strategies, primarily either by wind (anemochory) or water (hydrochory). However, the role of their seed microbiota in their survival, and their seed microbial abundance and structure, remain insufficiently studied. Herein, we studied the light seed microbiome of eight anemochores and two hydrochores (as controls) collected from four provinces in China, using qPCR and metagenomic sequencing targeting both bacteria and fungi. Substantial variations were found for seed endophytic fungi (9.9 × 1010~7.3 × 102 gene copy numbers per seed) and bacteria (1.7 × 1010~8.0 × 106). Seed microbial diversity and structure were mainly driven by the plant genotype (species), with weak influences from their host plant classification level or dispersal mode. Seed microbial composition differences were clear at the microbial phylum level, with dominant proportions (~75%) for Proteobacteria and Ascomycota. The light seeds studied harbored unique microbial signatures, sharing only two Halomonas amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and two fungal ASVs affiliated to Alternaria and Cladosporium. A genome-level functional profile analysis revealed that seed bacterial microbiota were enriched in amino acid, nucleoside, and nucleotide biosynthesis, while in fungal communities the generation of precursor metabolites and respiration were more highly represented. Together, these novel insights provide a deeper understanding of highly diversified plant-specific light seed microbiota and ecological strategies for plants in harsh environments.

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Section: Predictive Functional Profiling In the Seed Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Anemochore Seeds Harbor Distinct Fungal and Bacterial Abundance, Composition, and Functional Profiles

Liu

Cai

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…This implies that Bacteria in the rhizosphere become less dormant, perhaps association with maize roots or their exudes can protect bacteria from environmental stressors, just like bacteria can protect maize from abiotic stress [6,12,124]. It may also indicate that the soil environment doesn't favor spore-forming groups in general.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These microbes can colonize surfaces of tissue above ground (the phylosphere), soil near the root surface (the rhizosphere), and inside plant tissue (the endosphere) [1,3], and they can have a large impact on plant health [1]. A plant's microbiome-the community of microbes affiliated with it-can benefit the plant by protecting against abiotic stress [4][5][6][7][8], defending against pathogens and herbivores [9][10][11][12], producing phytohormones [13][14][15], and promoting growth through nutrient acquisition (N fixation, P solubilization, siderophore production, etc.) [2,[16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant genetics impact interactions with both individual beneficial microorganisms [29][30][31][32], as well as the overall microbiome community [3,12,[33][34][35][36]. The environment provides most of the microbes for community recruitment (outside of seed endophytes [35]), and it has a direct impact on soil [37], plants [38], and maize [39] microbial community structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Landscape of Maize-Associated Bacteria and Fungi Across the United States

Schultz¹,

Desai²,

Wallace³

2023

Preprint

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The maize microbiome consists of microbes that are associated with plants, and can be shaped by the host plant, the environment, and microbial partners, some of which can impact plant performance. We used a public dataset to analyze bacteria and fungi in the soil, rhizosphere, roots, and leaves of commercial maize at 30 locations across the US. We found that both tissue type and location had significant effects on community structure and makeup, although the patterns differed in bacteria and fungi based on tissue type. We also found many differences in predicted microbial gene pathways between tissues, with location also shaping predicted functional gene profiles. We found a pattern of potential interaction between fungi and bacteria, and potential intra-kingdom mutualism, in microbiome networks. The robustness of these networks was dependent upon tissue, with endophytes in leaves and roots showing significantly higher natural connectivity. Within a tissue, this connectivity was relatively stable across locations. We identified environment and soil characteristics that may impact tissue specific microbial abundance. Sulfate level in the soil was positively correlated with Proteobacteria abundance, but negatively correlated with Firmicutes abundance in the roots and leafs. Ascomycota appears to be affected by different environmental variables in each tissue. We also identified gene functions and enzymes which may be necessary to allow microbes to transition across compartments and become endophytes.

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“…The United States, China, and Brazil account for over 60% of the world's maize ( Zea mays L.) production (Passera et al, 2021). Brazil is the second‐largest producer and exporter of maize in the world with ~113 million tons in 2021 and a total area of 21,265 million hectares (CONAB, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity of chemical and biological foliar treatments on the phyllosphere communities of bacteria and fungi antagonistic to Fusarium verticillioides in maize

Perrony,

Guimarães,

Reis

et al. 2023

Journal of Phytopathology

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Maize grain production in the tropics is affected by Fusarium verticillioides, leading to significant losses in yield and quality. Fungicides are commonly used to control foliar diseases and increase grain yield, but have limited efficacy against F. verticillioides and may even stimulate the fungus to produce mycotoxins. Biocontrol can reduce F. verticillioides populations and fumonisin, but little is known about the resulting microbial interactions on the phylloplane and their relationship with F. verticillioides. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of different foliar treatments on the cultivable phylloplane community of fungi and bacteria and their potential in controlling F. verticillioides in maize. Results showed that two sprays of Bacillus subtilis BIOUFLA2 increased the percentage of native phylloplane antagonist bacteria and fungi against F. verticillioides by 25.0% and 27.3%, respectively, compared with the water control. However, two sprays with a triazole + strobilurin fungicide at different phenological stages in maize reduced such antagonistic communities. From field trials, 34 bacteria and 13 fungi from the phylloplane were selected for their inhibitory activity against F. verticillioides, with most coming from the exclusive treatment with BIOUFLA2. The study also revealed that the biocontrol agent‐recruited phylloplane indigenous lineages act through antibiosis, competition, and parasitism. Therefore, the adoption of biocontrol to limit F. verticillioides population build‐up not only has a direct activity on the pathogen but also recruits fungal and bacterial antagonists that may act additively or synergistically with the applied biocontrol agent.

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Bacterial Communities in the Embryo of Maize Landraces: Relation with Susceptibility to Fusarium Ear Rot

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Anemochore Seeds Harbor Distinct Fungal and Bacterial Abundance, Composition, and Functional Profiles

Anemochore Seeds Harbor Distinct Fungal and Bacterial Abundance, Composition, and Functional Profiles

The Landscape of Maize-Associated Bacteria and Fungi Across the United States

Selectivity of chemical and biological foliar treatments on the phyllosphere communities of bacteria and fungi antagonistic to Fusarium verticillioides in maize

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