Bacterial Communities Associated with Lesions of Shell Disease in the American Lobster,<i>Homarus americanus</i>Milne-Edwards

Chistoserdov, Andrei Y.; Quinn, Robert A.; Gubbala, Sai Laxmi; Smolowitz, Roxanna

doi:10.2983/035.031.0205

Cited by 57 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As LMSD progresses, the affected area of the shell increases (transition from spot to lesion), until the lobster eventually molts. This model is in agreement with previous reports regarding the progression of shell disease (Chistoserdov et al 2012, though the sampling schemes in these previous studies did not allow for the detection of a transitionary community. Alternate Model 2 (Fig.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Initial investigation of the bacteria associated with epizootic shell disease identified a few key members of the shell microbiome ; however, this study was based on culturing techniques, which typically assess less than 1% of the bacterial community (Staley & Konopka 1985). Later studies based on cultureindependent fingerprinting methods eliminated this culture bias; however, those studies did not fully characterize the bacterial community associated with both healthy and diseased shell throughout the progression of the disease (Chistoserdov et al 2012, Quinn et al 2012b. A higher resolution sequencing study using next-generation sequencing techniques identified 170 different bacterial species associated with the lobster shell, an order of magnitude more than previous studies (Meres et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine-scale transition to lower bacterial diversity and altered community composition precedes shell disease in laboratory-reared juvenile American lobster

Feinman¹,

Martínez²,

Bowen³

et al. 2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The American lobster Homarus americanus supports a valuable commercial fishery in the Northeastern USA and Maritime Canada; however, stocks in the southern portion of the lobster's range have shown declines, in part due to the emergence of shell disease. Epizootic shell disease is a bacterially induced cuticular erosion that renders even mildly affected lobsters unmarketable because of their appearance, and in more severe cases can cause mortality. Despite the importance of this disease, the associated bacterial communities have not yet been fully characterized. We sampled 2 yr old, laboratory-reared lobsters that displayed signs of shell disease at the site of disease as well as at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 cm away from the site of disease to determine how the bacterial community changed over this fine spatial scale. Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed a distinct bacterial community at the site of disease, with significant reductions in bacterial diversity and richness compared to more distant sampling locations. The bacterial community composition 0.5 cm from the site of disease was also altered, and there was an observable decrease in bacterial diversity and richness, even though there were no signs of disease at that location. Given the distinctiveness of the bacterial community at the site of disease and 0.5 cm from the site of disease, we refer to these communities as affected and transitionary, and suggest that these bacteria, including the previously proposed causative agent, Aquimarina 'homaria', are important for the initiation and progression of this laboratory model of shell disease.KEY WORDS: American lobster · Shell disease · Bacterial communities · Microbiome · High throughput sequencing · 16S rRNA gene Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 124: [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] 2017 2005). Due to the physical severity of epizootic shell disease, even mildly affected lobsters are generally considered unmarketable due to the unappealing appearance of their shells, thus affecting the value of this important commercial fishery .In addition to aesthetic changes associated with epizootic shell disease, animals can also suffer from decreased health ) and increased mortality . Lobsters affected by shell disease are energetically compromised, with disruptions to their metabolism and hormone signaling (Tarrant et al. 2012). They also tend to have high levels of the molting hormone ecdysone, which can disrupt their reproductive cycle (Laufer et al. 2005). These physiological changes may in turn influence population dynamics, particularly since disease prevalence among egg-bearing females can be as high as 70% (Castro & Somers 2012). The recent decline in the southern New England American lobster population has been positively associated with an in crease in epizootic shell disease , Howell 2012, highlighting the importance of understanding the ecological dynamics of this disease.Despite the importance of epizootic ...

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supporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-scale transition to lower bacterial diversity and altered community composition precedes shell disease in laboratory-reared juvenile American lobster

Feinman¹,

Martínez²,

Bowen³

et al. 2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…from Chistoserdov et al 2012), detected in 1 sample was identified in ESD lesions using PCR-DGGE. It is possible that this bacterium had penetrated through the ESD lesion into the hemolymph, or there was cross-contamination with hemolymph during sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine bands were ob served in the profiles from 1 diseased lobster inclu ding various Bacteroidetes, Acinetobacter sp., Marinosulfono monas methylotropha (identified as 'Thalassobius' sp. by Chistoserdov et al 2012), Brocho thrix thermosphacta, and others. In some instances, negative controls would produce a faint positive signal after nested PCR.…”

Section: Bacterial Community Analysis Of Lobster Hemolymphmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The DGGE gel was 6% polyacrylamide (20 cm × 17.6 cm, 1.5 mm thick) containing an increasing denaturant concentration of 20 to 80% (7 M urea and 40% formamide was a 100% denaturant solution). The electrophoresis and band processing was carried out as described by Chistoserdov et al (2012). Multiple bands were sequenced at identical positions in the gel to verify that they represented the same sequence.…”

Section: Dgge and Band Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Culture-independent analysis of bacterial communities in hemolymph of American lobsters with epizootic shell disease

Quinn¹,

Smolowitz²,

Chistoserdov³

2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Epizootic shell disease (ESD) of the American lobster Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 is a disease of the carapace that presents grossly as large, melanized, irregularly shaped lesions, making the lobsters virtually unmarketable because of their grotesque appearance. We analyzed the bacterial communities present in the hemolymph of lobsters with and without ESD using nested-PCR of the 16S rRNA genes followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. All lobsters tested (n = 42) had bacterial communities in their hemolymph, and the community profiles were highly similar regardless of the sampling location or disease state. A number of bacteria were detected in a high proportion of samples and from numerous locations, including a Sediminibacterium sp. closely related to a symbiont of Tetraponera ants (38/42) and a Ralstonia sp. (27/42). Other bacteria commonly encountered included various Bacteroidetes, Pelomonas aquatica, and a Novosphingobium sp. One bacterium, a different Sediminibacterium sp., was detected in 20% of diseased animals (n = 29), but not in the lobsters without signs of ESD (n = 13). The bacteria in hemolymph were not the same as those known to be present in lesion communities except for the detection of a Thalassobius sp. in 1 individual. This work demonstrates that hemolymph bacteremia and the particular bacterial species present do not correlate with the incidence of ESD, providing further evidence that microbiologically, ESD is a strictly cuticular disease. Furthermore, the high incidence of the same species of bacteria in hemolymph of lobsters may indicate that they have a positive role in lobster fitness, rather than in disease, and further investigation of the role of bacteria in lobster hemolymph is required.

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Homarus

Wahle¹,

Castro²,

Tully³

et al. 2013

Lobsters: Biology, Management, Aquaculture and Fisheries

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Bacterial Communities Associated with Lesions of Shell Disease in the American Lobster,Homarus americanusMilne-Edwards

Cited by 57 publications

References 23 publications

Fine-scale transition to lower bacterial diversity and altered community composition precedes shell disease in laboratory-reared juvenile American lobster

Fine-scale transition to lower bacterial diversity and altered community composition precedes shell disease in laboratory-reared juvenile American lobster

Culture-independent analysis of bacterial communities in hemolymph of American lobsters with epizootic shell disease

Homarus

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