Bacteria as part of bioluminescence emission at the deep ANTARES station (North-Western Mediterranean Sea) during a one-year survey

Occurrence of microplastics in surface waters of the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea)

“…Following the framework of the Particule-MERMEX and PLASTOX projects, microplastic debris were collected at different times between February 2014 and April 2016 (Table S1) in three distinct areas with specific hydrodynamic characteristics (Figure 1) within the eastern sector of the Gulf of Lion (northwestern Mediterranean Sea). The first area is located 40 km offshore at the eastern part (station #1, also called 'Antares site') and is within the direct influence of the Northern Current, which runs east to west along the shelf break over 2,475 m of water (Martini et al, 2016). The second area includes the Bay of Marseille (stations #2, 3 and 4), which is significantly influenced by a population of approximately 1 million inhabitants and by the daily volume of about 250 10 3 m 3 of waste waters released from the Marseille-Cortiou wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (Savriama et al, 2015; 100 Tedetti et al, 2012).…”

Exo-Ocean Exploration with Deep-Sea Sensor and Platform Technologies

“…Bioluminescence is a ubiquitous phenomenon in environments that have been stable over large geological times on Earth (i.e., marine as compared to freshwater, where only a few bioluminescent species are known) (Haddock et al, 2010). Bioluminescence evolved independently, being present in most of the major marine phyla (Herring, 1987;Widder, 2010;Martini and Haddock, 2017;Martini et al, 2019), as well as in some bacteria (Martini et al, 2016). Bioluminescence is produced by organisms for predation, defense, and intraspecific communication (Haddock et al, 2010), and organisms can emit it after mechanical stimulation at collisions (Craig et al, 2011).…”

“…Other systems use a stimulating grid mounted on oceanographic instruments, such as CTD, to obtain vertical pelagic profiling of bioluminescence via photomultiplying cameras (e.g., the Image Intensified Silicon Intensifier Target-ISIT; the Image Intensified Charge Coupled Device for Deep-sea Research, ICDeep; e.g., Craig et al, 2015). Alternatively, other imaging systems have been developed, that is, the extreme low-light working LuSEApher camera with photon counting capability (e.g., Barbier et al, 2012;Dominjon et al, 2012) Other means for measuring the bioluminescence of organisms are provided by deep-sea neutrino telescopes (Martini et al, 2016;Aguzzi et al, 2017). Their mooringlike towers cover the benthopelagic dimension and are primarily instrumented with thousands of photon-detecting sensors (i.e., photomultiplier tubes, PMTs) (FIG.…”

Reviews and syntheses: Bacterial bioluminescence – ecology and impact in the biological carbon pump

“…The technological development of high-sensitivity cameras has opened another path for bioluminescence exploration. Low-light cameras have been used to record in situ light patterns (Maxmen, 2018;Phillips et al, 2016) and implemented on remotely operated vehicles for direct in situ observations of sinking particles, or marine luminescent creatures (Fig. 1i-j).…”