B1422 + 231: a new gravitationally lensed system at z = 3.62

Patnaik, A. R.; Browne, I. W. A.; Walsh, D.; Chaffee, F. H.; Foltz, C. B.

doi:10.1093/mnras/259.1.1p

Cited by 148 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…The flux ratios taken here were measured at different radio frequencies, at different epochs and with different spatial resolutions [with VLA and Very Notes: the quoted R cusp and R fold values in Col. 5 and 7 are measured at the radio wavelengths; their uncertainties are derived from the uncertainties in flux measurements (see Table A1 Impey et al (1996); (11) Patnaik et al (1999); (12) Marlow et al (1999); (13) Koopmans & Fassnacht (1999); (14) Fassnacht et al (1996); (15) Long Baseline Array (VLBA)], which all agree with each other, as well as with MIR data (Patnaik et al 1992(Patnaik et al , 1999Koopmans et al 2003;Chiba et al 2005). Recently, with the aid of the adaptive optics integral field spectrograph on the Keck I Telescope, Nierenberg et al (2014) derived the narrow-line flux ratios, which are also consistent with those measured in the radio.…”

Section: B1422+231supporting

confidence: 54%

How well can cold dark matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies

Xu¹,

Sluse²,

Gao³

et al. 2015

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

118

148

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Discrepancies between the observed and model-predicted radio flux ratios are seen in a number of quadruply-lensed quasars. The most favoured interpretation of these anomalies is that CDM substructures present in lensing galaxies perturb the lens potentials and alter image magnifications and thus flux ratios. So far no consensus has emerged regarding whether or not the predicted CDM substructure abundance fully accounts for the lensing flux anomaly observations. Accurate modelling relies on a realistic lens sample in terms of both the lens environment and internal structures and substructures. In this paper we construct samples of generalised and specific lens potentials, to which we add (rescaled) subhalo populations from the galaxy-scale Aquarius and the cluster-scale Phoenix simulation suites. We further investigate the lensing effects from subhalos of masses several orders of magnitude below the simulation resolution limit. The resulting flux ratio distributions are compared to the currently best available sample of radio lenses. The observed anomalies in B0128+437, B0712+472 and B1555+375 are more likely to be caused by propagation effects or oversimplified/improper lens modelling, signs of which are already seen in the data. Among the quadruple systems that have closely located image triplets/pairs, the anomalous flux ratios of MG0414+0534 can be reproduced by adding CDM subhalos to its macroscopic lens potential, with a probability of 5% − 20%; for B0712+472, B1422+231, B1555+375 and B2045+265, these probabilities are only of a few percent. We hence find that CDM substructures are unlikely to be the whole reason for radio flux anomalies. We discuss other possible effects that might also be at work.

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Section: B1422+231supporting

confidence: 54%

How well can cold dark matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies

Xu¹,

Sluse²,

Gao³

et al. 2015

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

118

148

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“…Although not originally part of this study, we have also included tworadio-loud quasars from this subsample out of the threeobserved so far. In particular, we have excluded one radio-loud quasar (B1422+2309) from our sample because it is gravitationally lensed (Patnaik et al 1992) into multiple components making PSF subtraction challenging and because the field is very crowded with foreground galaxies.…”

Section: Sample Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UBIQUITOUS GIANT Lyα NEBULAE AROUND THE BRIGHTEST QUASARS AT z ∼ 3.5 REVEALED WITH MUSE^∗

Borisova

Cantalupo

Lilly

et al. 2016

ApJ

272

536

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Direct Lyα imaging of intergalactic gas atz 2 has recently revealed giant cosmological structures around quasars, e.g., the Slug Nebula. Despite their high luminosity, the detection rate of such systems in narrow-band and spectroscopic surveys is less than 10%, possibly encoding crucial information on the distribution of gas around quasars and the quasar emission properties. In this study, we use the MUSE integral-field instrument to perform a blind survey for giant a Ly nebulae around 17 bright radio-quiet quasars at < < z 3 4 that does not suffer from most of the limitations of previous surveys. After data reduction and analysis performed with specifically developed tools, we found that each quasar is surrounded by giant a Ly nebulae with projected sizes larger than 100 physical kiloparsecs and, in some cases, extending up to 320 kpc. The circularly averaged surface brightness profiles of the nebulae appear to be very similar to each other despite their different morphologies and are consistent with power laws with slopes»-1.8. The similarity between the properties of all these nebulae and the Slug Nebula suggests a similar origin for all systems and that a large fraction of gas around bright quasars could be in a relatively "cold" (T ∼ 10 4 K) and dense phase. In addition, our results imply that such gas is ubiquitous within at least 50 kpc from bright quasars at < < z 3 4 independently of the quasar emission opening angle, or extending up to 200 kpc for quasar isotropic emission.

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“…B1422+231 is a quadruple gravitational lens object discovered by Patnaik et al (1992). The maximum image separation between the four components is 1.3 arcsec.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum image separation between the four components is 1.3 arcsec. The background radio source is associated with a 15.5 mag QSO at redshift z=3.62 (Patnaik et al 1992). The lensing object is an elliptical galaxy at z=0.338 (Tonry 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

VLBI Imaging of the Gravitational Lenses B1422+231 and MG J0414+0534

Ros

Guirado

Marcaide

et al. 2001

Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics II

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Abstract. We present wide-field images of the quadruple gravitational lenses B1422+231 and MG J0414+0534 obtained from global Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations at 8.4 GHz on 23 November 1997. We present also a lens model for MG J0414+0534, which reproduces the core positions and flux densities of the VLBI images, combining a singular isothermal ellipsoid with external shear, and a singular isothermal sphere to represent, respectively, the main lens galaxy and its neighbor, a faint galaxy near one of the images. Introduction.We have embarked on a project of multi-epoch observations of the quadruple images of the two gravitationally lensed objects B1422+231 and MG J0414+0534 to compare possible structural changes in the lensed images and measure possible shifts in the relative positions of the sub-images. Here we present our images from the first epoch observations on 23 November 1997.

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B1422 + 231: a new gravitationally lensed system at z = 3.62

Cited by 148 publications

References 0 publications

How well can cold dark matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies

How well can cold dark matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies

UBIQUITOUS GIANT Lyα NEBULAE AROUND THE BRIGHTEST QUASARS AT z ∼ 3.5 REVEALED WITH MUSE^∗

VLBI Imaging of the Gravitational Lenses B1422+231 and MG J0414+0534

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B1422 + 231: a new gravitationally lensed system at z = 3.62

Cited by 148 publications

References 0 publications

How well can cold dark matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies

How well can cold dark matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies

UBIQUITOUS GIANT Lyα NEBULAE AROUND THE BRIGHTEST QUASARS AT z ∼ 3.5 REVEALED WITH MUSE∗

VLBI Imaging of the Gravitational Lenses B1422+231 and MG J0414+0534

Contact Info

Product

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About

UBIQUITOUS GIANT Lyα NEBULAE AROUND THE BRIGHTEST QUASARS AT z ∼ 3.5 REVEALED WITH MUSE^∗