<b>2-Arylpyrroles: A New Class of Insecticide. Structure, Activity and Mode of Action</b>

Hunt, David A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199606)47:2<201::aid-ps383>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For instance, pirimiphos-methyl achieved a high ovicidal toxicity for C. maculatus (LC 50 = 1.82 mg/kg seeds) [45]. The non-neurotoxic pyrrole chlorfenapyr [50][51][52] exhibited a low ovicidal effect, with or without food, but it is a species dependent phenomenon given that this compound induced a high (87%) ovicidal activity for exposed T. castaneum larvae [53]. Further experimentation is needed to clarify these issues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Six Insecticides on Egg Hatching and Larval Mortality of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Boukouvala

Kavallieratos

2020

Insects

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The khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), is one of the most destructive insect species of stored food worldwide and is subjected to strict phytosanitary legislations. In the present study, we evaluated the egg hatching and larval mortality of T. granarium on concrete surfaces treated with six insecticides (i.e., α-cypermethrin, chlorfenapyr, deltamethrin, pirimiphos-methyl, pyriproxyfen, and s-methoprene) that are registered in Greece for surface treatment and exhibit a broad spectrum of different modes of action. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of the presence of food on egg hatching and larval mortality. Egg hatchability on treated concrete was higher in tests with the presence of food for all tested insecticides, with the exception of s-methoprene. In contrast, larval mortality was lower in treatments where there was nourishment for all insecticides. No egg hatching was recorded on concrete treated with pirimiphos-methyl where there was no food, while with the addition of food, the egg hatching did not exceeded 26.7% after 6 days of exposure. The highest percentage of hatched eggs was recorded on concrete treated with chlorfenapyr (87.7% with food vs. 76.7% without food), followed by deltamethrin (76.7% with food vs. 63.3% without food), pyriproxyfen (50.0% with food vs. 42.2% without food), and α-cypermethrin (28.9% with food vs. 6.7% without food). In the case of s-methoprene, more eggs were hatched in the absence of food (91.1%) in contrast to in the presence of food (86.7%). Regarding mortality, all larvae were dead after 5 days of exposure on pirimiphos-methyl-treated concrete with food. Furthermore, larvae died faster in treatments without food. For α-cypermethrin, 100% mortality was recorded after 4 days of exposure, while with presence of food, all larvae died after 6 days. Chlorfenapyr caused complete mortality of larvae after 5 days of exposure on concrete without food and after 8 days with food. In the case of deltamethrin, 100% mortality was recorded after 7 days in the absence of food and 8 days in the presence of food. Regarding pyriproxyfen, complete mortality was not recorded when food was present, reaching 94.1% 14 days postexposure. However, after 12 days, all larvae died in treatments without food. Although egg hatching was higher in the case of s-methoprene on concrete without food, larval mortality was 100% after 8 days of exposure. Nevertheless, when there was food, 87.3% of the exposed larvae died after 13 days. Therefore, it becomes evident that sanitation of storage facilities before the application of contact insecticides is a key factor for the successful control of T. granarium in the egg stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Six Insecticides on Egg Hatching and Larval Mortality of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Boukouvala

Kavallieratos

2020

Insects

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“…However, the results in the current study with chlorfenapyr appear to show a much greater increase in survival in the presence of food compared to the results for the earlier studies with cyfluthrin and DE. Chlorfenapyr is an insecticidal pyrrole, and the primary mode of action is to affect oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, which will eventually result in the death of the cell through inhibition of ATP synthesis (Hunt, 1996;Mascarenhas & Boethel, 1997;McLeod et al, 2002). This mode of action differs from that of a conventional neurotoxin, and mortality of T. castaneum as a result of exposure to chlorfenapyr is not immediate but is delayed for several days after the initial exposure (Arthur, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of chlorfenapyr against adult Tribolium castaneum exposed on concrete: effects of exposure interval, concentration and the presence of a food source after exposure

Arthur

2009

Insect Science

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Chlorfenapyr, an insecticidal pyrrole, was applied to concrete arenas at concentrations of 1.1, 0.825, 0.55, and 0.275 g of active ingredient [AI]/m 2 . Adult Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, were exposed for 2, 4, or 8 h at each concentration, then removed and held either with or without food (wheat flour) for 7 days. Survival was assessed when the beetles were removed from the exposure arenas and daily during the postexposure period. In the presence of food, survival was high regardless of concentration and the day on which post-treatment survival was assessed, but survival did decrease as the exposure period increased from 4 to 8 h. When the beetles were not given food after exposure, survival at each concentration and exposure period declined during the 1-week postexposure assessments. This pattern of decrease could be described by linear and non-linear equations. Results show the presence of food material greatly compromised effectiveness of the insecticide, and emphasize the importance of cleaning and sanitation in conjunction with insecticide treatments.

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“…However, in 2001, it was registered by EPA as a non‐food crop in greenhouses [14] . In 2005, the EPA established a tolerance for residues of chlorfenapyr in or on all food commodities, which could be used as a wool insect‐proofing agent (cotton/melon aphid) and was introduced as an alternative to synthetic pyrethroids with its advantages of lower toxicity to mammalian and aquatic life as well [15–19] . Commercially, chlorfenapyr is used to control termites and protect crops from a range of insect and mite pests [20,21] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis Design, Spectroscopic Characterizations, and Biological Activities of Novel Pyrrole Derivatives: An Application to Evaluate Their Toxic Effect on Cotton Aphids

et al. 2022

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Green synthesis design and spectroscopic characterizations of novel pyrrole derivatives (1–6) with insecticidal bioefficacy have been achieved. The toxic effect using a leaf dip bioassay method was used to assess the insecticidal bioefficacy of six ecofriendly‐synthesized pyrrole derivatives. The results demonstrated the significant insecticide effect of the proposed compounds against cotton aphids, after 24 hours of application. All these compounds (1–6) showed promising results against cotton aphids especially compound 4 with an LC50 of 0.04 ppm which had a higher activity compared to a commercial reference of Chlorfenapyr deadly agent used for cotton aphids. The biological activity profile of these compounds, using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, antimicrobial activities against four gram‐positive bacteria, and antifungal activities against a yeast‐like fungus, in comparison with well‐known antimicrobial and antifungal referenced standards were evaluated and confirmed. The results revealed that some of these compounds showed antibacterial activities against bacterial species known to plant pathogenic. Additional investigation of the newly obtained derivatives was performed and discussed in this research work through computational tools to give better insights into the possible protein targets of these new analogues.

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2-Arylpyrroles: A New Class of Insecticide. Structure, Activity and Mode of Action

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Six Insecticides on Egg Hatching and Larval Mortality of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Effect of Six Insecticides on Egg Hatching and Larval Mortality of Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

Efficacy of chlorfenapyr against adult Tribolium castaneum exposed on concrete: effects of exposure interval, concentration and the presence of a food source after exposure

Green Synthesis Design, Spectroscopic Characterizations, and Biological Activities of Novel Pyrrole Derivatives: An Application to Evaluate Their Toxic Effect on Cotton Aphids

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