Axial length and its associations in a Russian population: The Ural Eye and Medical Study

Бикбов, М.М.; Kazakbaeva, Gyulli; Gilmanshin, Timur R.; Зайнуллин, Р.М.; Arslangareeva, Inga I.; Salavatova, Venera F.; Bikbova, Guzel; Panda‐Jonas, Songhomitra; Nikitin, Nikolai A.; Zaynetdinov, Artur F.; Nuriev, Ildar F.; Khikmatullin, Renat I.; Uzianbaeva, Yulia V.; Yakupova, Dilya F.; Aminev, Said K.; Jonas, Jost B.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211186

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…However, these differences are typically small and are not significant in other studies when combined with further systemic parameters in multiple regressions. 36,37 Moreover, ocular magnification is a combination of axial length and lens-related effects, and several previous population-based studies showed significantly higher rates of myopia in females. [38][39][40][41][42][43] Based on this, and contrary to the expectations based on axial length noted previously, one alternatively might assume that females harbor larger ocular magnification (i.e., larger scanning radius) compared with males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Differences in Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness

Rauscher

Choi

et al. 2020

Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To investigate the role of sex on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness at 768 circumpapillary locations based on OCT findings. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Participants: We investigated 5646 eyes of 5646 healthy participants from the Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases (LIFE)-Adult Study of a predominantly white population. Methods: All participants underwent standardized systemic assessments and ocular imaging. Circumpapillary RNFL (cRNFL) thickness was measured at 768 points equidistant from the optic nerve head using spectral-domain OCT (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). To control ocular magnification effects, the true scanning radius was estimated by scanning focus. Student t test was used to evaluate sex differences in cRNFL thickness globally and at each of the 768 locations. Multivariable linear regression and analysis of variance were used to evaluate individual contributions of various factors to cRNFL thickness variance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Differences in Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness

Rauscher

Choi

et al. 2020

Ophthalmology

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“…We conducted the Ural Eye and Medical Study, designed as a population-based, case-control investigation, in the Russian republic of Bashkortostan at the southwestern end of the Ural Mountains from October 26, 2015, to July 4, 2017. [9][10][11] The inclusion criteria were age 40 years or older and living in 1 of the 2 study regions: the urban region of Kirovskii in the city of Ufa, the capital of the republic, or a rural region in the Karmaskalinsky District, which is 65 km from Ufa. Of 7328 eligible individuals, 5899 individuals (80.5%) with a mean (SD) age of 59.0 (10.7) years (range, 40-94 years) participated in the survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Myopic Maculopathy Among Adults in a Russian Population

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE Although myopic maculopathy has become a major cause of vision impairment worldwide, few data from Russia and Central Asia on the prevalence of myopic maculopathy have been available. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of myopic maculopathy and its associations with ocular and systemic parameters in a population in Russia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Ural Eye and Medical Study, a population-based casecontrol study, was conducted in rural and urban areas in Bashkortostan, Russia, from October 26, 2015, to July 4, 2017. Data analysis was performed from September 13 to September 15, 2019. The Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 of 7328 eligible individuals (80.5%) aged 40 years or older. EXPOSURES A detailed ocular and systemic examination included fundus photography and optic coherence tomography for the assessment of myopic maculopathy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of myopic maculopathy. RESULTS The present investigation included 5794 of the 5899 eligible individuals (98.2%; 3277 [56.6%] women; mean [SD] age, 58.9 [10.7] years) with available information about myopic maculopathy. Mean (SD) axial length was 23.3 (1.1) mm (range, 19.78-32.87 mm). Prevalence of any myopic maculopathy was 1.3% (95% CI, 1.0%-1.6%); myopic maculopathy stage 2, 0.8% (95% CI, 0.6%-10.0%); stage 3, 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1%-0.4%); and stage 4, 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1%-0.4%). The prevalence of moderate to severe vision impairment and blindness was 29.8% (14 of 47 participants; 95% CI, 16.2%-43.3%) in stage 2 myopic maculopathy, 57.1% (8 of 14 participants; 95% CI, 27.5%-86.8%) in stage 3, and 100% (13 of 13 participants; 95% CI, 100%-100%) in stage 4. In multivariable analysis, a higher myopic maculopathy prevalence was associated with longer axial length (odds ratio [OR], 4.54; 95% CI, 3.48-5.92; P < .001), older age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07; P = .03), and thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98; P < .001). After exclusion of glaucomatous eyes, the association between myopic maculopathy prevalence and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer remained significant (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98; P < .001). Myopic maculopathy prevalence was not significantly associated with sex; region of habitation; level of education; ethnicity; prevalence of arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and inflammatory liver disease; hearing loss; depression score; or anxiety score. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this ethnically mixed population from Russia, myopic maculopathy prevalence was mainly associated with elongated axial length and thinner peripapillary (continued)

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“…Several population-based studies suggested that AL played a different role in DR genesis and development in different ethnicities, although some contradictory results existed in literature. 7–9 A recent cohort study of Singaporean population demonstrated that the any DR risk decreased by 42% for each 1 mm increase. However, the aforementioned study reported no correlation of AL with the risk of VTDR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 It was found however in clinical practice that diabetic patients with myopia are less likely to suffer from severe DR. 4 A small number of clinical studies and epidemiological studies have suggested that myopia could be a protective factor against DR; however, this conclusion remains controversial. 4–7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%