Avocado Seedlings Multiple Stems Production

Abstract

-This study aimed to evaluate the potential of multi-stems in avocado seeds according to their mass as well as the adventitious rooting of multi-stem budding with or without the use of auxin. The research was carried out at the Vegetation House of Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Santa Teresa -ES, with seeds of different masses: <60 g, 61 to 80 g, 81 to 100 g and >100 g, in which each experimental unit was made of five seeds, distributed within five repetitions, under a completely randomized design. The seeds were put to germinate and the percentage number of emergence and multiple stems were evaluated. After 150 days, the following evaluations were carried out: survival of rooted cuttings; number of leaves; stem diameter; root length; root volume; root and shoot fresh mass; root and shoot dry mass; shoot height; absolute growth and shoot growth rate; shoot dry weight/root dry mass ratio; shoot height/stem diameter ratio; shoot height/root length and Dickson's quality index ratio. Avocado seeds with mass over 100 g and between 81-100 g presented higher percentage of multiple stems. Rods over 20 cm that were not treated with IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) resulted on avocado plants of better quality. The use of IBA (2000 mg L -1 ) does not affect the rooting and growth of avocado's multi-stem plants. Index terms: Avocado, seeds, multi-stem, rooting, auxin, Persea americana Miller. PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS POLICAULICAS DE ABACATEIRORESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar o potencial de policaulia em sementes de abacateiro de acordo com a massa das sementes e o enraizamento adventício das brotações policáulicas com e sem o uso de auxina. O trabalho foi realizado na casa de vegetação do IFES, Campus Santa Teresa-ES, com sementes de diferentes massas: <60 g; 61 a 80 g; 81 a 100 g e >100 g, em que, cada unidade experimental foi composta por cinco sementes, distribuídas em cinco repetições, num delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As sementes foram colocadas para germinar, e foram avaliados o número de hastes emergidas, a porcentagem de emergência e de policaulia. Após 150 dias, foram avaliados: sobrevivência das estacas enraizadas; número de folhas; diâmetro do coleto; comprimento da raiz; volume de raízes; massa fresca das raízes e da parte aérea; massa seca das raízes e da parte aérea; altura da parte aérea; crescimento absoluto e taxa de crescimento da parte aérea; relação da massa seca da parte aérea com a massa seca de raízes; relação da altura da parte aérea com o diâmetro do coleto; relação da altura da parte aérea com o comprimento da raiz, e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Sementes de abacate com massas acima de 100 g e entre 81-100 g apresentam maiores percentuais de policaulia. As hastes acima de 20 cm não tratadas com o AIB resultaram em mudas de abacate de melhor qualidade. O uso de AIB (2.000 mg L -1 ) não afeta o enraizamento e o crescimento das mudas policáulicas de abacateiro. Termos para indexação: Abacate, semente, policaulia, enraizamento, auxina, Persea americana Miller.

Avocado: Is it possible to produce two seedlings with one seed?

“…Ceres, Viçosa, v. 67, n.2, p. 152-155, mar/apr, 2020 this lot, since plant number 2 is earlier in terms of fruit development and fruits were harvested at the end of the crop of that mother plant. Nevertheless, this germination percentage can be considered satisfactory, since it is comparable to the percentages obtained by Paixão et al (2016) and Oliveira et al (2010). Regarding the other characteristics evaluated, no significant differences were observed, except for fresh and dry weight of cotyledons (Table 2).…”

“…In the first seed lot, the separation of cotyledons resulted in delayed seedling development, as also observed by Traub & Auchter (1933a, 1933b, which may be explained by reducing the amount of reserve available for the seedling. This explanation is confirmed by the fact that Paixão et al (2016) observed a direct relationship between the seeds mass of 'Collinson' avocado and the number of shoots per seed. The averages with the same letter in the column do not differ from each other at the 5% probability level by the F test.…”

2.4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and sucrose in rhizogenesis maintenance and induction in cuttings of cagaita and mangabeira from cerrado

“…According to Paixão et al (2016) when evaluating the potential of policaulia in avocado seeds according to seed mass and adventitious rooting of polycultural shoots with and without the use of auxin type IBA found that stems above 20 cm not treated with IBA resulted in better quality avocado seedlings.…”

“…Studies to assess the use of auxins in woody and herbaceous cuttings have been performed (MACHADO et al, 2010;SASSO et al, 2010;REGINA et al, 2012;VIGNOLO et al, 2014;OLIVEIRA et al, 2015;GALVÃO et al, 2016;PAIXÃO et al, 2016;RINALDI et al, 2017;JESUS et al, 2018;SOUZA et al, 2018;VIEIRA et al, 2018;TELEGINSKI et al, 2018). However, propagation protocols of cagaita and mangabeira cuttings are not yet established; therefore, research is needed to define a useful methodology to include these species in the ranking of cultivated plants, as well as for their conservation and maintenance in germplasm bank and clonal gardens.…”

Grafting methods and use of fasteners in monoembryonic, polyembryonic, and multi-stemmed jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba (Vell) Berg) seedlings

“…However, in multi-stemmed seedlings, the main stems can initially function as a propagation source for grafting, whereas the adjacent stem represents a source of photoassimilates for the grafted region. For avocado, studies have shown that allometric growth is directly related to increased nutrition and shoot growth, therefore increasing the photosynthetic area and the storage of photoassimilates required for growth (Paixão et al, 2016).…”