After tooth extractions the alveolar bone reabsorbs due to the lack of mechanical loading of the mastication. Such reabsorption hinders the rehabilitation of edentulous patients due to possible non-adaptation of the prosthesis and lack of height for implants, causing various health damages. To minimize reabsorption grafts can be used at the time of extraction, in the alveolus. These grafts may be autogenous, mainly removed from the patient's mental region, or alogens, extracted from the devitalized bovine bone matrix. The objective of this literature review is to show the advantages and disadvantages of each type of graft.