Availability of Different Host Plant Species and Changing Abundance of the Polyphagous Bug Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Velasco, Luis Rey I.; Walter, G. H.

doi:10.1093/ee/21.4.751

Cited by 93 publications

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“…R. raphanistrum was an alternate host plant for N. viridula adults in the autumn and spring after the soybean crop had been harvested in Brazil (Panizzi and Saraiva 1993), and in soybean-growing areas of Australia in the spring (Velasco and Walter 1992).…”

Section: Response To Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 132. Raphanus raphanistrum L.

Warwick¹,

Francis²

2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Warwick, S. I. and Francis, A. 2005. The biology of Canadian weeds. 132. Raphanus raphanistrum. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: . A review of biological information is provided for Raphanus raphanistrum L. Native to the Mediterranean region, the species is widely introduced and naturalized in temperate regions around the world. In Canada, it currently occurs in all provinces except Saskatchewan and Manitoba, has only a limited distribution in Alberta, and is also absent from the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. It is most abundant in the Atlantic and Pacific regions and is an important weed of field crops in the Maritime provinces and Quebec. A persistent seed bank, competitive annual growth habit and high fecundity all contribute to its weedy nature and ensure that it will be a continuing problem. It can easily hybridize with cultivated radish, R. sativus L., and commonly does so when they occur together. Limited hybridization with canola, Brassica napus L., has been reported from several experimental field and greenhouse trials. Selective herbicide control is most difficult in canola and other cruciferous crops. It is the most important dicot weed in the southwestern region of Australia, primarily due to the evolution of several different herbicide-resistant biotypes. These include biotypes resistant to the acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitors (group 2 herbicides) and/or photosystem II-inhibitors (group 5), and a biotype with multiple resistance to ALS-inhibitors, photosystem II-inhibitors, an auxin (2,4-D amine), and a phytoene desaturase (PSDS)-inhibitor (diflufenican). A biotype resistant to the ALS-inhibiting herbicide chlorsulfuron has also been detected in South Africa. Un réservoir de semences bien stocké, une croissance agressive pour une annuelle et une grande fécondité expliquent la nature problématique de l'espèce, qui le demeurera longtemps. La plante se croise facilement avec le radis cultivé R. sativus et le fait couramment aux endroits où les deux espèces se côtoient. On a aussi rapporté une hybridation partielle avec le canola, Brassica napus L., lors de quelques essais sur des parcelles expérimentales ou en serre. La lutte au moyen de désherbants sélectifs s'avère particulièrement délicate dans les champs de canola et d'autres crucifères. Il s'agit de la principale dicotylédone nuisible dans le sud-ouest de l'Australie, principalement en raison de l'apparition de biotypes résistants. Ces biotypes résistent notamment aux inhibiteurs de l'acétolactate-synthase (herbicides du groupe 2) ou du photosystème II (groupe 5) ou aux deux. On a aussi identifié un biotype résistant aux deux types d'inhibiteurs précités ainsi qu'à l'auxine (2,4-D amine) et à l'inhibiteur de la phytoène désaturase. Enfin, on a repéré un biotype résistant au chlorsulfuron (inhibiteur de l'acétolactate-synthase) en Afrique du Sud.

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Section: Response To Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 132. Raphanus raphanistrum L.

Warwick¹,

Francis²

2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Temperature, however, may have an indirect influence on the abundance of N. viridula through its influence on the availability and suitability of host plants (Velasco and Walter 1992). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON SURVIVAL AND REPRODUCTION OFNEZARA VIRIDULA(L.) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE)

And

Walter

1993

Australian Journal of Entomology

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The influence of temperature on egg production by Nezara viridula adults and on the survival and development of nymphs was examined as a possible reason for the relatively low abundance of eggs and nymphs during mid-summer in southeastern Queensland. High temperatures (27/37 "C) in laboratory studies adversely affected nymphal survival and adult reproduction compared with lower temperatures (10/20°C and 2O/3O0C). Nymphal survival to the adult stage was lower under the high temperature regime and none of the resulting adults survived long enough to mate and reproduce. In general, nymphal survival and development and the reproductive ability of adults was similar at the two lower temperature regimes. Since the middle regime approximates summer field temperatures, we conclude that low numbers of N. viridula nymphs during mid-summer cannot be explained by temperature alone.

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“…However, the specific host associations of generalists may differ spatially and temporally (Velasco & Walter 1992).…”

Section: General Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability and suitability of each host plant that N. viridula is associated with varies spatially and temporally (Herbert & Toews 2012;Panizzi 1997), with each host species providing, in its different life stages, some combination of nutrition, water, shelter, and reproductive suitability (Panizzi 1997(Panizzi , 2000Velasco & Walter 1992). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduction occurs on some host plants, but N. viridula may merely persist on others until a suitable reproductive host becomes available (Panizzi 2000;Velasco & Walter 1992), and this limits the number of major generations annually (Velasco et al 1995). The sequential use of different host plants by N. viridula (Todd 1989) is thus necessary for N. viridula populations to persist, and population numbers may increase only on some of these.…”

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The interaction between diet breadth, geography and gene flow in herbivorous insects

Brookes¹

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The geographical distribution and life history of insects and their host plants determines when, and if, they will interact. The vast majority of herbivorous insects are host-plant specialists and their narrow host range limits their distribution and may also restrict gene flow between their populations. Generalist insect herbivores, by contrast, might be expected to have much higher gene flow across populations because the distribution of multiple host plant species is likely to be much more contiguous. Species distributions shift continually, so with enough time the populations of a specialist insect species should experience more events that fracture their distribution because of the changing distribution of their relatively fewer hosts. The changing distribution of insects and their host plants is thus important for mediating host-plant interactions and will also influence how and when adaptation to a host plant, or subset of host plants, occurs.To investigate the influence of geography and host breadth on gene flow, and thus speciation, I explore the evolutionary history and population genetic structure of two herbivorous insects with different host plant relationships, the generalist bug Nezara viridula (Pentatomidae, Hemiptera), a global pest species, and the specialist thrips Cycadothrips chadwicki (Aeolothripidae, Thysanoptera), the pollinator in a brood-site mutualism with Macrozamia cycads. The results from these systems were then integrated with other similar data sets from phytophagous insects to understand better how gene flow and host specificity relate to one another, and to examine the role each has played (and may still play) in the evolution of insect-plant interactions more generally.The pest bug N. viridula has two globally distributed mitochondrial lineages, the Asian (mtDNA lineage A) and the European (mtDNA lineage E), and the species status of these lineages has not been resolved. In Australia, I found that both of these N. viridula mitochondrial lineages were present.Microsatellite data show two genetically and geographically distinct populations, but these did not correspond directly to the two mitochondrial lineages. Together, mtDNA and microsatellite data shown that secondary contact has occurred in eastern Australia between the two lineages and has resulted in introgression of mtDNA lineage A into predominantly mtDNA lineage E populations in a narrow area, but without widespread introgression across the nuclear genome. Past research on this insect suggested that these lineages represented a single species because these mtDNA haplotypes were found together in single populations. The evidence presented here indicates that mating between lineages can occur, but that an analysis of mtDNA alone is not enough to understand the evolutionary history of these Conference abstracts for both of the above references can be found in Appendix 2. Publications included in thesis Contributor Statement of contribution Dean BrookesDesigned the study (50%), developed molecular tools (60%), cond...

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Availability of Different Host Plant Species and Changing Abundance of the Polyphagous Bug Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

The biology of Canadian weeds. 132. Raphanus raphanistrum L.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 132. Raphanus raphanistrum L.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON SURVIVAL AND REPRODUCTION OFNEZARA VIRIDULA(L.) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE)

The interaction between diet breadth, geography and gene flow in herbivorous insects

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