Autonomic arousal profiles in adolescents and young adults with ADHD as a function of recording context

Rietz, Ebba Du; James, Sarah-Naomi; Banaschewski, Tobias; Brandeis, Daniel; Asherson, Philip; Kuntsi, Jonna

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.039

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…These findings are in line with results of a recent metaanalysis investigating MRT and RTV in adults with ADHD [34]. Our results from MRT and RTV analyses showing improvement in the fast/incentive condition in the ADHD group might be linked to theories and results, including from Fast Task, indicating disturbed arousal as the source of task-unrelated activity leading to decreased cognitive performance [17,44]. The fact that performance is improved under more optimal arousal state in the fast/ incentive condition suggests that internal processes became more task-oriented.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Lateralization of attention in adults with ADHD: Evidence of pseudoneglect

et al. 2020

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Background. We investigated whether adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show pseudoneglect—preferential allocation of attention to the left visual field (LVF) and a resulting slowing of mean reaction times (MRTs) in the right visual field (RVF), characteristic of neurotypical (NT) individuals —and whether lateralization of attention is modulated by presentation speed and incentives. Method. Fast Task, a four-choice reaction-time task where stimuli were presented in LVF or RVF, was used to investigate differences in MRT and reaction time variability (RTV) in adults with ADHD (n = 43) and NT adults (n = 46) between a slow/no-incentive and fast/incentive condition. In the lateralization analyses, pseudoneglect was assessed based on MRT, which was calculated separately for the LVF and RVF for each condition and each study participant. Results. Adults with ADHD had overall slower MRT and increased RTV relative to NT. MRT and RTV improved under the fast/incentive condition. Both groups showed RVF-slowing with no between-group or between-conditions differences in RVF-slowing. Conclusion. Adults with ADHD exhibited pseudoneglect, a NT pattern of lateralization of attention, which was not attenuated by presentation speed and incentives.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Lateralization of attention in adults with ADHD: Evidence of pseudoneglect

et al. 2020

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“…While the SRD account has been receiving extensive support from studies in which ER was manipulated, only few such studies involve more direct indices of arousal or effort. Examples of psychophysiological measures studied in this context are, for instance, the P3 event related potential component (Wiersema, van der Meere, Antrop, et al, 2006;, heart rate variability indices (Börger et al, 1999;Börger & van der Meere, 2000), and skin conductance (Du Rietz et al, 2019;James et al, 2016). The findings from these studies support the notion of sub-optimal arousal and effort allocation deficits in ADHD, particularly during slow ERs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

A pupillometric investigation of state regulation in adults scoring high versus low on ADHD symptomatology

2023

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“…Most individuals with ADHD tend to present autonomic arousal dysregulations in coping with acute stress [14]. Several studies concluded that children with ADHD showed a reduced SCL (hypo-arousal) during resting periods and in response to low-demand laboratory tasks, in comparison with normative individuals [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alexithymia as a Predictor of Arousal and Affect Dysregulations when Batterers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cope with Acute Stress

Romero-Martínez

Lila

2020

Behavioral Sciences

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Empirical research has stated that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) might underlie intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) perpetration. Even though there is a clear relationship between these two variables, it is still unknown how ADHD facilitates violence proneness. In this regard, psychophysiological variables such as skin conductance levels (SCL) might offer information about emotional regulation when individuals cope with stress. Furthermore, alexithymia traits might be a strong candidate in explaining the above-mentioned emotional dysregulations. Hence, we compared the SCL response to acute cognitive stress in IPVAW perpetrators with and without ADHD symptoms to that of controls (non-violent and unaffected), and we also assessed the presence of alexithymia traits and their role in emotional regulation. Our data point out that ADHD IPVAW perpetrators presented higher SCL and negative affect than controls, particularly during the recovery period. Moreover, ADHD IPVAW perpetrators showed higher self-reported alexithymia, and this variable was a good predictor of autonomic and psychological state dysregulations, even after controlling for the effects of alcohol and drug misuse. Therefore, our study reinforces the need to consider psychophysiological measurements when screening the therapeutic needs of IPVAW perpetrators, due to their relatively low cost and the significant contents of their results. Finally, we also highlight the key role of alexithymia in this violent population, which should be considered when designing cognitive intervention training coadjutant to current psychotherapies for IPVAW perpetrators.

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Autonomic arousal profiles in adolescents and young adults with ADHD as a function of recording context

Abstract: Highlights Individuals with ADHD showed atypical autonomic arousal only in certain experimental conditions. The findings suggest that atypical arousal in ADHD does not reflect a stable impairment. Phasic and tonic arousal measures were linked to ADHD symptoms independent of ODD/CD.

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Lateralization of attention in adults with ADHD: Evidence of pseudoneglect

Lateralization of attention in adults with ADHD: Evidence of pseudoneglect

A pupillometric investigation of state regulation in adults scoring high versus low on ADHD symptomatology

Alexithymia as a Predictor of Arousal and Affect Dysregulations when Batterers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Cope with Acute Stress

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