Automatic Impedance Matching for Three-Stub Waveguide Tuner Based on Space Mapping

Zhou, Liangkai; Kuang, Yu; Li, Song; Fan, Xiaolin; Cheng, Qingsha S.

doi:10.1109/icmmt45702.2019.8992341

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Through adjusting the insert depth of the three stubs, the impedance characteristics of the waveguide with three stubs can be adjusted. According to the principle of stubs impedance matching mentioned in [23,24], when there are three metal stubs with the same spacing of λ g /4 in a rectangular waveguide, the three-stub can theoretically obtain an impedance that completely covers the Smith chart, and it is widely used in a microwave system as an impedance matching system. In this investigation, by introducing the three-stub in the isolating port, additional reflection can be generated due to the impedance transformation, and the performance of the proposed directional coupler can be improved.…”

Section: Principle and Design Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Circular Waveguide Directional Coupler for High-Order Mode Vacuum Electronic Devices

Zhu,

Fu,

et al. 2024

Electronics

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In this paper, a compact circular waveguide directional coupler for high-order mode vacuum electronic devices is presented and investigated. To reduce the size, the primary and secondary waveguides of this coupler are connected in an orthogonal way by two coupling holes. Moreover, to improve the directivity and operating bandwidth, a method of loading adjustable metal stubs on the isolating port is proposed and introduced in design. A Ka-band TE01-mode circular waveguide directional coupler was designed, and the structure parameters were optimized by electromagnetic simulation. To verify the design, a prototype sample was fabricated, assembled, and tested. The experimental results show good agreement with the simulations, and the directivity are improved by adjusting the metal stubs on the isolating port. In the experiment, a 26.7 dB directivity at 35 GHz was obtained, and the bandwidth of directivity above 20 dB was higher than 7 GHz, corresponding to a relative bandwidth higher than 20%. Meanwhile, the TE01° mode maintained good transmission efficiency in this compact high-order mode directional coupler.

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Section: Principle and Design Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Circular Waveguide Directional Coupler for High-Order Mode Vacuum Electronic Devices

Zhu,

Fu,

et al. 2024

Electronics

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show abstract

“…In [21], a gradient algorithm was used to automatically adjust the stub to gradually reduce its port reflection coefficient to a minimum value. In [22], an automatic tuning method for a three-stub waveguide tuner was proposed by using the space mapping technique to solve the problem of non-uniqueness of the solution of the stub depths, and the optimal solution can be calculated by two space mapping programs. In [23], an automatic impedance matching system of a four-stub waveguide was proposed, which can make |S 11 | lower than −30 dB based on an iterative algorithm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Reflection Tuning Strategy for Three-Stub Waveguides

Liu,

Lai,

Hong

et al. 2024

Electronics

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In high-power microwave applications, the reflection of energy can be effectively reduced by adjusting the three-stub waveguide. However, most of the existing tuning algorithms do not make an arrangement for the adjustment sequence of stubs, and accurately calculating the depth of the stubs requires a great deal of time via electromagnetic (EM) simulations, which may cause large reflection in the matching process. To solve these problems, we first propose an improved calculation method that can accurately calculate the input impedance of a three-stub waveguide. Then, an impedance matching algorithm is designed based on the equivalent circuit model that can quickly and accurately calculate the optimal depth of the stubs. Finally, we present a low-reflection tuning strategy to suppress the large reflection during the adjustment of the stub process. An experimental system is built to verify the calculation method and the tuning strategy. The results show that the strategy can avoid large reflection in the case of load mutation and can maintain low reflection when the load changes continuously. The algorithm meets the needs of the industry and can be used for automatic and real-time adjustment of three-stub waveguides of different specifications.

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A three-stub waveguide impedance matching algorithm based on equivalent circuit analysis

Zhou,

Rasool,

Tang

et al. 2024

Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy

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Automatic Impedance Matching for Three-Stub Waveguide Tuner Based on Space Mapping

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

A Compact Circular Waveguide Directional Coupler for High-Order Mode Vacuum Electronic Devices

A Compact Circular Waveguide Directional Coupler for High-Order Mode Vacuum Electronic Devices

A Low-Reflection Tuning Strategy for Three-Stub Waveguides

A three-stub waveguide impedance matching algorithm based on equivalent circuit analysis

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