Automatic Fiber Thickness Measurement in Scanning Electron Microscopy Images Validated Using Synthetic Data

Easwaran, P.; Lehmann, Martin J.; Wirjadi, Oliver; Prill, Torben; Didas, Stephan; Redenbach, Claudia

doi:10.1002/ceat.201500342

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…To analyze the images with regard to automated fiber diameter distribution, the β software “MAVIfiber2d”, developed by Fraunhofer ITWM (Kaiserslautern, Germany), was used . First, the images are smoothed and binarized by the software, before a statistical analysis is performed over each fiber pixel without segmentation into individual fibers. , After merging the output of the three images, the mean and median fiber diameters as well as the standard deviation and interquartile range were determined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 First, the images are smoothed and binarized by the software, before a statistical analysis is performed over each fiber pixel without segmentation into individual fibers. 41,42 After merging the output of the three images, the mean and median fiber diameters as well as the standard deviation and interquartile range were determined. direction (CD) of the nonwovens, three samples 10 × 10 cm were taken in CD and averaged.…”

Section: Physical and Mechanicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigate the Processability of Biobased Thermoplastics Used in Nonwoven Fabrics

Periyasamy,

Luoma,

Höhnemann

et al. 2024

ACS Polym. Au

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical and Mechanicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigate the Processability of Biobased Thermoplastics Used in Nonwoven Fabrics

Periyasamy,

Luoma,

Höhnemann

et al. 2024

ACS Polym. Au

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The magnification was chosen to catch around 40 single fibers, and contrast and illumination were adjusted to gain an image of straight monochromic fibers in front of a dark monochrome To analyze the images, the beta software “MAVIfiber2d“ of Fraunhofer ITWM (Kaiserslautern, Germany) was used [ 45 ]. First, the images were smoothed by an algorithm and binarized by the software before a statistical analysis was performed over each fiber pixel without segmentation into individual fibers [ 46 , 47 ]. After merging the output of the three images, the mean and median fiber diameters as well as the standard deviation and interquartile range were given out.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoval Technology—An Intermediate Process between Meltblown and Spunbond

et al. 2023

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The idea of ”Nanoval technology“ origins in the metal injection molding for gas atomization of metal powders and the knowledge of spunbond technologies for the creation of thermoplastic nonwovens using the benefits of both techniques. In this study, we evaluated processing limits experimentally for the spinning of different types of polypropylene, further standard polymers, and polyphenylene sulfide, marked by defect-free fiber creation. A numerical simulation study of the turbulent air flow as well as filament motion in the process visualized that the turnover from uniaxial flow (initial stretching caused by the high air velocity directed at the spinning die) to turbulent viscoelastic behavior occurs significantly earlier than in the melt-blown process. Modeling of the whole process showed that additional guide plates below the spinneret reduce the turbulent air flow significantly by regulating the inflow of secondary process air. The corresponding melt flow index of processible polymer grades varied between 35 g·10min−1 up to 1200 g·10min−1 and thus covering the range of extrusion-type, spunbond-type, yarn-type, and meltblown-type polymers. Hence, mean fiber diameters were adjustable for PP between 0.8 and 39.3 μm without changing components of the process setup. This implies that the Nanoval process enables the flexibility to produce fiber diameters in the typical range achievable by the standard meltblown process (~1–7 μm) as well as in the coarseness of spunbond nonwovens (15–30 μm) and, moreover, operates in the gap between them.

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“…To analyze the images, the beta-software "MAVIfiber2d" of Fraunhofer ITWM (Kaiserslautern, Germany) was used [73]. First, the images were smoothed by an algorithm and binarized by the software before a statistical analysis was performed over each fiber pixel without segmentation into individual fibers [74,75]. After merging the output of the three images, the mean and median fiber diameter as well as the standard deviation and interquartile range were given out.…”

Section: Nonwoven Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Rheological and Morphological Characteristics of Polyhydroxybutyrate on Its Meltblown Process Behavior

Höhnemann,

Windschiegl

2023

Materials

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Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a promising biopolymer. However, processing PHB in pure form in thermoplastic processes is limited due to its rapid degradation, very low initial crystallization rate, strong post-crystallization, and its low final stretchability. In this article, we screened commercial PHBs for morphological characteristics, rheological properties, and “performance” in the meltblown process in order to reveal process-relevant properties and overcome the shortcoming of PHB in thermoplastic processes for fiber formation. An evaluation of degradation (extruded (meltblown) material vs. granules) was performed via rheological and SEC analysis. The study revealed large differences in the minimum melt temperature (175 up to 200 °C) and the grade-dependent limitation of accessible throughput on a 500 mm plant. The average fiber diameter could be lowered from around 10 μm to 2.4 μm in median, which are the finest reported values in the literature so far. It was found that the determination of the necessary process temperature can be predicted well from the complex shear viscosity. Different to expectations, it became apparent that a broader initial molar mass distribution (>8) is suitable to overcome the state-of-the art limitations of PHAs in order to stabilize fiber formation, increase the productivity, and obtain better resistance towards thermal degradation in process. Accordingly, longer polymer chain fractions could be more affected by degradation than medium and short polymer chains in the distribution. Further, a low initial narrow distributed molar mass resulted in too brittle fabrics.

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Automatic Fiber Thickness Measurement in Scanning Electron Microscopy Images Validated Using Synthetic Data

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Investigate the Processability of Biobased Thermoplastics Used in Nonwoven Fabrics

Investigate the Processability of Biobased Thermoplastics Used in Nonwoven Fabrics

Nanoval Technology—An Intermediate Process between Meltblown and Spunbond

Influence of Rheological and Morphological Characteristics of Polyhydroxybutyrate on Its Meltblown Process Behavior

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