Automated Detection and Quantification of Circadian Eye Blinks Using a Contact Lens Sensor

Gisler, Christophe; Ridi, Antonio; Hennebert, Jean; Weinreb, Robert N.; Mansouri, Kaweh

doi:10.1167/tvst.4.1.4

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover changes in the bodily and/or head positions are associated with IOP variations; thus, the IOP increases with movement from standing and sitting to a supine position, and with neck movements outside the neutral position [30][31][32]. Additionally, ocular movements, blinking, or sleep phases can induce IOP fluctuations [33]. How these IOP fluctuations can contribute to the onset and progression of glaucoma is not completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous intraocular pressure monitoring in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome using a contact lens sensor

et al. 2020

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PurposeTo analyse nocturnal intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using a contact lens sensor (CLS) and to identify associations between the OSAS parameters determined by polysomnographic study (PSG) and IOP changes. MethodProspective, observational study. Twenty participants suspected of having OSAS were recruited. During PSG study, IOP was monitored using a CLS placed in the eye of the patient. The patients were classified according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in two categories, severe (>30) or mild/moderate (<30) OSAS. We evaluated several parameters determined by the IOP curves, including nocturnal elevations (acrophase) and plateau times in acrophase (PTs) defined by mathematical and visual methods. ResultsThe IOP curves exhibited a nocturnal acrophase followed by PTs of varying extents at which the IOP remained higher than daytime measurement with small variations. We found significant differences in the length of the PTs in patients with severe OSAS compared to those with mild/moderate disease (P = 0.032/P = 0.028). We found a positive correlation between PTs and OSAS severity measured by the total number of apneic events (r = 0.681/ 0.751 P = 0.004/0.001) and AHI (r = 0.674/0.710, P = 0.004/0.002). Respiratory-related arousal and oxygen saturation also were associated significantly with the IOP PT length. PLOS ONEPLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous intraocular pressure monitoring in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome using a contact lens sensor

et al. 2020

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“…14 Non-invasive and ambulatory continuous 24-h monitoring of IOP-related patterns has recently become possible with the introduction of a contact lens sensor (CLS). [15][16][17][18] The CLS measures changes in IOP indirectly through registration of ocular dimensional changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate, under near-physiological conditions, changes in 24-h IOP-related profiles in patients undergoing IOP-lowering monotherapy and adjunctive therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glaucoma medications on 24‐hour intraocular pressure‐related patterns using a contact lens sensor

Mansouri

Medeiros

Weinreb

2015

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Background To study the circadian intraocular pressure-related (IOP) effects of ocular hypotensive medications using a contact lens sensor (CLS). Design University-based prospective, randomized, crossover trial. Participants Twenty-three patients with primary open-angle glaucoma Methods Patients underwent ambulatory recording of IOP-related patterns for 24 hours in one eye during 3 monthly sessions using a CLS. Patients were untreated in session 1 (S1), were randomized to one of 4 classes of glaucoma drops for S2, and had a prostaglandin analog add-on for S3. Outcome measures Changes in IOP-related patterns were defined using 1) slopes from wake/sitting to sleep/supine, 2) cosinor rhythmometry modeling, and 3) area under receiver operating curve (AUC) of sleep period. Results Mean patient age was 63.8±11.8 years. Positive linear slopes were seen from wake/sitting to sleep/supine at S1 (17.1±14.2 mVeq/h) and S2 (5.5±23.9 mVeq/h) and negative slopes at S3 (−1.9±29.4 mVeq/h) (S1 to S2, p=0.01; S1 to S3, p=0.02). In the prostaglandin group, slopes changed significantly with introduction of drops (S1 to S2, p<0.024) while they did not in a mixed group combining the 3 other classes (S1 to S2, p=0.060). Overall, cosinor amplitudes were 98.4±46.5 mVeq (S1), 113.0±35.6 mVeq (S2), and 109.6±58.3 mVeq (S3) (S1–S2, p=0.23; S1–S3, p=0.66; S2–S3, p=0.93). AUC was 91.8±63.0 mVeq (S1), 76.3±102.7mVeq (S2), and 19.9±135.8 mVeq (S3). Differences between sessions were not statistically significant (S1–S2, p=0.541; S1–3, p=0.083; S2–S3, p=0.092). Conclusions Prostaglandin analogs but not other medications seem to flatten the IOP-related increase at transition of the wake/sitting to the sleep/supine period but do not seem to have an effect on acrophase and amplitude.

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“…Furthermore, output from the CLS has been used to accurately identify sleep and wake periods. Gisler et al derived an algorithm to process the output and was able to identify sleep periods with 95% accuracy [ 42 ]. The authors also quantified eye blinks using CLS output and validated the measurements with simultaneous video recording in a subset of the participants.…”

Section: Safety Reproducibility and Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of a Contact Lens Sensor in Detecting 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure-Related Patterns

Gauthier

Liu

2016

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Recent studies suggest that intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations, peaks, and rhythm are important factors in disease advancement. Yet, current glaucoma management remains hinged on single IOP measurements during clinic hours. To overcome this limitation, 24-hour IOP monitoring devices have been employed and include self-tonometry, permanent IOP, and temporary IOP monitoring. This review discusses each IOP measuring strategy and focuses on the recently FDA-approved contact lens sensor (CLS). The CLS records IOP-related ocular patterns for 24 hours continuously. Using the CLS, IOP-related parameters have been found to be associated with the rate of visual field progression in primary open-angle glaucoma, disease progression in primary angle-closure glaucoma, and various clinical variables in ocular hypertension. The CLS has been used to quantify blink rate and limbal strain and measure the circadian rhythm in a variety of disease states including normal-tension glaucoma and thyroid eye disease. The effects of various IOP-lowering interventions were also characterized using the CLS. CLS provides a unique, safe, and well-tolerated way to study IOP-related patterns in a wide range of disease states. IOP-related patterns may help identify patients most at risk for disease progression and assist with the development of tailored treatments.

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Automated Detection and Quantification of Circadian Eye Blinks Using a Contact Lens Sensor

Abstract: This study sheds new light on the potential importance of eye blinks in glaucoma and may contribute to improved understanding of circadian IOP characteristics.

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Continuous intraocular pressure monitoring in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome using a contact lens sensor

Continuous intraocular pressure monitoring in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome using a contact lens sensor

Effect of glaucoma medications on 24‐hour intraocular pressure‐related patterns using a contact lens sensor

The Application of a Contact Lens Sensor in Detecting 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure-Related Patterns

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